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Academician
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The title Academician denotes a Full Member of an art, literary, or scientific academy.
In many countries it is a honorary title.
"Academician" may also be a functional title and denote a full member of the National Academy of Sciences in those countries where the Academy has a strong influence on national scientific life, particularly countries that were part of, or influenced by, the Soviet Union. In such countries, "Academician" is used as a honorific (like "Doctor", "Professor" etc) when addressing or speaking about someone. Countries where the term Academician is used in this way include Ukraine, Russia, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Moldova, Serbia, Romania, Croatia, Bulgaria and possibly others.
The British honour Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) can be considered as roughly equivalent.
There also exists a lower-rank title, variously translated Corresponding Member or Associate Member (of the corresponding academy), Russian: член-корреспондент (chlen-korrespondent).
In Finland, "Academician" is an honorary title and the President of the Republic nominates the Academicians. There can be 12 Finnish Academicians representing science and 8 Academicians representing arts at the same time. There also is a strong National Academy in Finland, but the scientists of the Academy are called Academy Professors and Academy Research Fellows.