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Alan Cranston
In office January 1969 — January 1993
Preceded by	Thomas Kuchel
Succeeded by	Barbara Boxer
Born	June 19, 1914 Palo Alto, California
Died	December 31, 2000 Los Altos, California
Political party	Democratic

Alan MacGregor Cranston (19 June 1914 — 31 December 2000) was a U.S. journalist and Democratic Party politician and United States Senator from California.

Contents 1 Education 2 Early career 3 Public office 3.1 State Controller 3.2 Senator 3.3 Presidential Candidate 3.4 Reprimand 4 Retirement and death 5 See also 6 References

Cranston earned his high school diploma from Mountain View High School.

He attended Pomona College and the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México before graduating from Stanford University in 1936.

He was a correspondent for the International News Service for two years preceding World War II. When an abridged English-language translation of Adolf Hitler's Mein Kampf was released, sanitized to exclude some of Hitler's anti-semitism and militancy, Cranston published an unexpurgated and annotated translation which he believed more accurately reflected the contents of the book. In 1939, Hitler's publisher sued him for copyright violation in the state of Connecticut; a judge ruled in Hitler's favor and publication of the book was halted.

Before enlisting in the armed forces in 1944 as a private (he held the rank of sergeant at his discharge), he worked in the Office of War Information.

The following year he wrote a second book, The Killing of the Peace, a synopsis of the failed bid to get the United States to join the League of Nations immediately following World War I.

Cranston, a supporter of world government, became president of the World Federalist Society in 1948[1]. He successfully pushed for his state's legislature to pass the 1949 World Federalist California Resolution, calling on Congress to amend the Constitution to allow U.S. participation in a federal world government.

A Democrat, Cranston was elected California State Controller in 1958 and reelected in 1962.

In 1968, he was elected to the first of what would prove to be four six-year terms United States Senate, defeating Republican Max Rafferty in the general election after Rafferty had defeated the liberal Republican incumbent, Thomas Kuchel, in that party's primary, which was so acrimonious that many of Kuchel's supporters spitefully backed Cranston in the November election.

The general election itself was also marred by mudslinging, as a conservative writer, Frank Capell, authored a pamphlet suggesting that Cranston may have had Communist leanings in his youth, and that during his stint at the Office of War Information he helped falsely convince President Franklin D. Roosevelt that Nazi Germany and not the Soviet Union had perpetrated the Katyń massacre

(Many of the same allegations were recycled in an article that ran in American Opinion magazine in 1974 entitled Alan Cranston: The Shadow in the Senate. The article's title was a reference to Lamont Cranston, the name of the main character in the popular mid-century radio program The Shadow.)

Cranston was Democratic Whip from 1977 to 1991 and an unsuccessful candidate for the Democratic Presidential nomination for the 1984 election.

He was reprimanded by the U.S. Senate Select Committee on Ethics for "improper conduct" on November 20, 1991 after he accepted $1 million in campaign contributions from the Lincoln Savings and Loan head, Charles Keating. Keating had wanted federal regulators to stop "hounding" his S&L. The committee deemed Cranston's misconduct the worst among the Keating Five. Cranston decided against running for a fifth term while he battled prostate cancer.

He dedicated his retirement to the global abolition of nuclear weapons, first through the Nuclear Weapon Elimination Initiative of the State of the World Forum, and then as President of the Global Security Institute, which he founded in 1999.

He lived in Los Altos, California from his retirement until his death.

• Bock, Alan: Eye on the Empire, Antiwar.com.

Preceded by Robert C. Kirkwood	California State Controller 1959—1967	Succeeded by Houston I. Flournoy
Preceded by Thomas Kuchel	United States Senator (Class 3) from California 1969—1993 Served alongside: George Murphy, John V. Tunney, S. I. Hayakawa, Pete Wilson, John F. Seymour, Dianne Feinstein	Succeeded by Barbara Boxer
Preceded by Robert Byrd	Senate Majority Whip 1977-1981	Succeeded by Ted Stevens
Preceded by Ted Stevens	Senate Minority Whip 1981-1987	Succeeded by Alan K. Simpson
Preceded by Alan K. Simpson	Senate Majority Whip 1987-1991	Succeeded by Wendell Ford