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The American Physical Society was founded in 1899 and is the world's second largest organization of physicists. The Society publishes more than a dozen science journals, including the world renowned Physical Review and Physical Review Letters, and organizes more than twenty science meetings each year. Over 40,000 members belong to the Society.

The American Physical Society was founded on May 20, 1899, when thirty-six physicists gathered at Columbia University for that purpose. They proclaimed the mission of the new Society to be "to advance and diffuse the knowledge of physics", and in one way or another the APS has been at that task ever since. In the early years, virtually the sole activity of the APS was to hold scientific meetings, initially four per year. In 1913, the APS took over the operation of the Physical Review, which had been founded in 1893 at Cornell University, and journal publication became its second major activity. The Physical Review was followed by Reviews of Modern Physics in 1929 and by Physical Review Letters in 1958. Over the years, Phys. Rev. has subdivided into five separate sections as the fields of physics proliferated and the number of submissions grew.

In more recent years, the activities of the Society have broadened considerably. Stimulated by the increase in Federal funding in the period after the Second World War, and even more by the increased public involvement of scientists in the 1960s, the APS is active in public and governmental affairs, and in the international physics community. In addition, the Society conducts extensive programs in education, science outreach, and media relations. The APS has fourteen divisions and nine topical groups covering all areas of physics research. There are six forums that reflect the interest of its 43,000 members in broader issues, and eight sections organized by geographical region.

In 1999, the APS celebrated its Centennial with the biggest-ever physics meeting in Atlanta. In 2005 the APS took the lead role in United States participation in the World Year of Physics, initiating several programs to broadly publicize physics during the 100th anniversary of Albert Einstein's annus mirabilis. Einstein@Home, one of the projects the APS initiated during World Year of Physics, is an ongoing and popular distributed computing project.

A name change was proposed for the 2005 election year. The new name would have been "American Physics Society", a name that the majority of members would prefer according to an electronic poll conducted by the APS in summer 2005.

However, because of legal issues, the planned name change was eventually abandoned by the APS executive board. Consequently, the official name as of December 2005 remains "American Physical Society."

• American Institute of Physics
• Physical Review

• American Physical Society web page
• APS news on proposed name change
• APS sponsored Einstein@Home page
• Bulletin of the American Physical Society -- freely available technical programs of APS general meetings and various unit meetings of the Society.