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Ancient North Arabian
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Old North Arabian)
| Ancient North Arabian | ||
|---|---|---|
| Spoken in: | Arabia | |
| Language extinction: | marginalized by Classical Arabic from the 7th century | |
| Language family: | Afro-Asiatic Semitic West Central Arabic Ancient North Arabian |
|
| Writing system: | South Arabian alphabet | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1: | none | |
| ISO 639-2: | — | |
| ISO 639-3: | xna | |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. | ||
Ancient North Arabian is known from fragmentary inscriptions in Iraq, Jordan, Syria and Saudi Arabia, dating to between roughly the 6th century BC and the 6th century AD, all written in scripts derived from Epigraphic South Arabian. These dialects appear to be predecessors of Classical Arabic.
It includes a number of closely related extinct dialects of pre-Islamic Arabia, summarized as Ancient or Old North Arabian (ISO 639-3 xna), including
-
- Safaitic
- Dedanitic/Lihyanitic (Dedanite/Lihyanite)
- Thamudic
- Hasaitic
Ancient North Arabian uses h- rather than al- for the definite article.
- Lozachmeur, H., (ed.), (1995) Presence arabe dans le croissant fertile avant l'Hegire (Actes de la table ronde internationale Paris, 13 Novembre 1993) Paris: Editions Recherche sur les Civilisations. ISBN 286538 2540
- Macdonald, M.C.A., (2000) "Reflections on the linguistic map of pre-Islamic Arabia" Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy 11(1), 28–79
- Scagliarini, F., (1999) "The Dedanitic inscriptions from Jabal 'Ikma in north-western Hejaz" Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 29, 143-150 ISBN 2-503-50829-4
- Winnett, F.V. and Reed, W.L., (1970) Ancient Records from North Arabia (Toronto: University of Toronto)
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|---|---|
| Pre-Muslim conquests | Ancient North Arabian† (Safaitic†, Lihyanitic†, Thamudic†, Hasaitic†) · Classical Arabic |
| Modern Standard Variety | Literary Arabic |
| Maghrebi Arabic | Moroccan Arabic · Algerian Arabic · Tunisian Arabic · Andalusian Arabic† · Libyan Arabic · Jebli Arabic · Jijel Arabic · Saharan Arabic · Hassānīya · Maltese language · Siculo-Arabic† |
| Levantine Arabic | Lebanese Arabic · Syrian Arabic · North Syrian Arabic · Palestinian Arabic · Cypriot Maronite Arabic |
| Arabian Arabic | Gulf Arabic · Bahrani Arabic · Najdi Arabic · Hejazi Arabic · Shargi Arabic · Yemeni Arabic (Hadhrami Arabic) |
| Iraqi Arabic | Baghdad Arabic |
| Egyptian Arabic | Cairene Arabic · Sa'idi Arabic |
| Sudanese Arabic | Sudanese Arabic · Nigerian Arabic . Chadian Arabic |
| Peripheries | Khuzestani Arabic · Shirvani Arabic† · Central Asian Arabic |
| Judeo-Arabic | Judeo-Moroccan · Judeo-Yemenite · Baghdad Arabic (Jewish) |
| Creoles | Nubi language · Babalia Creole Arabic · Juba Arabic |
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|---|---|
| East Semitic | Akkadian · Eblaite |
| West/Central Semitic |
|
| South Semitic | |