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Anopheles gambiae
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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 Anopheles gambiae
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| Anopheles gambiae Giles |
Anopheles gambiae, refers to a complex of morphologically indistinguishable mosquitoes in the Anopheles genus, which contain the most important vectors of malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa, and the most efficient malaria vectors in the world. This species complex consists of:
- Anopheles arabiensis
- Anopheles bwambae
- Anopheles merus
- Anopheles melas
- Anopheles quadriannulatus
- Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto.
Despite being morphologically indistinguishable, individual species of the Anopheles gambiae complex exhibit different behavioural traits. For example, the Anopheles quadriannulatus, is 'generally' considered to be zoophilic, (taking its blood meal from animals) whereas the Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto is 'generally' anthropophilic. Identification to the individual species level using the molecular methods of Scott et al. (1993)[1] can have important implications in subsequent control measures.
An. gambiae s.s. has been discovered to be currently in a state of diverging into two different species- the Mopti (M) and Savannah (S) strains, though as of 2007, the 2 strains are still considered to be a single species. The An. gambiae s.s. genome has been sequenced, though there is controversy over the choice of strain used, which is considered a hybrid of two different strains. Currently, 38 miRNA are known (miRBase) for An. gambiae s.s. based upon conserved sequences to miRNA found in Drosophila.
- Anopheles gambiae: First genome of a vector for a parasitic disease
- Molecular phylogeny of the Anopheles gambiae complex suggests genetic introgression between principal malaria vectors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U S A. 1994 July 19; 91(15): 6885–6888.
- ^ Simultaneous identification of species and molecular forms of the Anopheles gambiae complex by PCR-RFLP Medical and Veterinary Entomology; Volume 16 Page 461 - December 2002
- VectorBase homepage for Anopheles gambiae (genome browser, downloads and more)
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