Arabinose

The chemical structure of D-arabinofuranose

Arabinose is an aldopentose — a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms, and including an aldehyde (CHO) functional group. It has chemical formula C₅H₁₀O₅ and a molar mass of 150.14 g/mol. L-arabinose has the same configuration at its penultimate carbon atom as L-(-)-glyceraldehyde. Natural monosaccharides are often dextrorotary and are chemically reducible to D-(+)-glyceraldehyde. However, L-arabinose is found in nature as a component of biopolymers such as hemicellulose and pectin and can be metabolised by microorganisms as a carbon source. As such, L-arabinose is in fact more common than D-arabinose in nature.

A classic method for the organic synthesis of arabinose from glucose is the Wohl degradation.

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Peptides \| Amino acids \| Nucleic acids \| Carbohydrates \| Lipids \| Terpenes \| Carotenoids \| Tetrapyrroles \| Enzyme cofactors \| Steroids \| Flavonoids \| Alkaloids \| Polyketides \| Glycosides
Analogues of nucleic acids:	Types of Carbohydrates	Analogues of nucleic acids:
General:	Aldose \| Ketose \| Pyranose \| Furanose
Geometry:	Pentose \| Hexose \| Heptose \| Cyclohexane conformation \| Anomer \| Mutarotation
Small/Large:	Glyceraldehyde \| Dihydroxyacetone \| Erythrose \| Threose \| Erythrulose \| Sedoheptulose
Pentoses:	Ribose \| Arabinose \| Xylose \| Lyxose \| Ribulose \| Xylulose
Hexoses:	Glucose \| Galactose \| Mannose \| Gulose \| Idose \| Talose \| Allose \| Altrose \| Fructose \| Sorbose \| Tagatose \| Psicose \| Fucose \| Rhamnose
Disaccharides:	Sucrose \| Lactose \| Trehalose \| Maltose
Polymers:	Glycogen \| Starch \| Cellulose \| Chitin \| Amylose \| Amylopectin \| Stachyose \| Inulin \| Dextrin
Glycosaminoglycans:	Heparin \| Chondroitin sulfate \| Hyaluronan \| Heparan sulfate \| Dermatan sulfate \| Keratan sulfate
Aminoglycosides:	Kanamycin \| Streptomycin \| Tobramycin \| Neomycin \| Paromomycin \| Apramycin \| Gentamicin \| Netilmicin \| Amikacin

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