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Avianca Aerovías del Continente Americano
IATA AV	ICAO AVA	Callsign AVIANCA
Founded		December 5, 1919 as SCADTA
Hubs		El Dorado International Airport
Focus cities		José María Córdova Int'l Airport Ernesto Cortissoz Int'l Airport Alfonso Bonilla Aragón Int'l Airport Rafael Nuñez Int'l Airport Matecaña Int'l Airport
Frequent flyer program		AviancaPlus
Member lounge		Avianca VIP lounges
Subsidiaries		Avianca Cargo Capital Airlines Helicol OceanAir SAM VIP
Fleet size		88 (+80)
Destinations		43
Parent company		Synergy Group Corp.
Company slogan		The Airline Of Colombia First Airline of the Americas Things Are Happening Here
Headquarters		Bogotá, Colombia
Key people		Fabio Villegas Ramírez, CEO
Website: www.avianca.com

Avianca (Spanish acronym: Aerovías del Continente Americano, formerly Aerovías Nacionales de Colombia) has been the national flag air carrier of Colombia since 1919, making it the second oldest airline in the world behind KLM. Likewise it is the largest airline in the country. Avianca was founded in Barranquilla, but its main operation base and headquarters are in Bogotá adjacent to El Dorado International Airport where it operates domestic and international scheduled and chartered flights to cities in Europe, North America, Central America, the Caribbean and South America.

Avianca operates five subsidiary airlines: SAM and Helicol in Colombia, OceanAir in Brazil, VIP in Ecuador and Capital Airlines in Nigeria. It has three important business units: Avianca Cargo (Deprisa), Avianca Services and the tour operator DesKubra. Avianca is also planning the establishment of a new airline in Paraguay, which presumably would be called OceanAir Paraguay.

During 2008, SAM Colombia, OceanAir in Brazil, VIP and eventually OcenAir Paraguay, will be rebranded as Avianca, consolidating one of the major airlines in the Americas.

Contents 1 History 1.1 SCADTA (1919 - 1940) 1.2 National Airways of Colombia (1940 - 1994) 1.3 Avianca's System (1994 - 2002) 1.4 Alianza Summa (2002 - 2004) 1.5 Aerovias del Continente Americano (American Continent Airways) (2004 - Present) 2 Incidents and accidents 3 Destinations 4 VIP lounges 4.1 Colombia 4.2 Ecuador 5 DesKubra Tours 6 AviancaPlus 7 Codeshare agreements 8 Subsidiaries 8.1 Former subsidiaries 9 Fleet 9.1 Avianca 9.2 OceanAir 9.3 Helicol 9.4 Capital Airlines 9.5 Retired 10 Awards and nominations 10.1 Awards 10.2 Nominations 10.2.1 2007 10.2.2 2006 10.2.3 2005 11 External links 11.1 Web sites around the world 11.2 Other links

The airline traces its history back to December 5, 1919, in the city of Barranquilla, Colombia. Germans Werner Kämerer, Stuart Hosie, Alberto Tietjen, and Colombians Ernesto Cortissoz (the first President of the Airline), Rafael Palacio, Cristóbal Restrepo, Jacobo Correa, and Aristides Noguera founded the Colombo-German Company called Sociedad Colombo-Alemana de Transporte Aéreo, or SCADTA. The company accomplished its first flight between Barranquilla and the nearby town of Puerto Colombia aboard a Junker F13 wherein 57 pieces of mail were transported; the flight was piloted by German Helmuth Von Krohn. This and another aircraft of the same type were completely mechanically constructed monoplanes, the engines of which had to be modified in order to be able to efficiently operate in the climatic conditions of the country; there were nine aircraft in the fleet with a total range of 850 km (525 Mi) and could carry up to four passengers and two crewmen. Due to the topographic characteristics of the country, and the lack of airports at the time, two floats were adapted to the Junkers aircraft in order for them to accomplish water landings in the rivers of different towns. Using these floats Helmuth Von Krohn was able to perform the first inland flight over Colombia on October 20, 1920, following the course of the Magdalena River; the flight took eight hours and had to make four emergency landings in the water.

Soon after the vision of the founding group had become a reality, German scientist and philanthropist Peter von Bauer became interested in the airline and contributed general knowledge, capital, and a tenth aircraft for the company as well as obtaining concessions from the Colombian government to operate the country's airmail transportation division using the airline. This new contract allowed SCADTA to thrive in a new frontier of aviation. By the mid 1920s, SCADTA, having overcome many obstacles, inaugurated its first international routes that initially covered destinations in Venezuela and the United States. Regretfully, in 1924, the aircraft that both Ernesto Cortissoz and Helmuth Von Krohn were piloting crashed into an area currently known as Bocas de Ceniza, in Barranquilla, causing their deaths. Despite this tragedy the airline continued to thrive under the guidance of German Peter von Braun until the early 1940s where circumstances related to the outbreak of World War II forced him to sell his shares in the airline to the U.S. owned Pan American World Airways.

On June 14, 1940, in the city of Barranquilla, SCADTA, under ownership by United States businessmen merged with Colombian Air Carrier SACO (acronym of Servicio Aéreo Colombiano) forming the new Aerovías Nacionales de Colombia S.A. or Avianca. Five Colombians participated in this act (Rafael María Palacio, Jacobo A. Corea, Cristobal Restrepo, Aristides Noguera), and German citizens Alberto Teitjen, Werner Kaemerer, and Stuart Hosie, while the post of first President of Avianca was acquired by Martín del Corral. There had been decades of dedicated work and contribution to Colombia's development through actions among which the following may be highlighted:

• In September of 1920, with Fritz Hammer as pilot, Wilhem Schnurrbush as copilot, and Stuart Hosie as a passenger, SCADTA accomplished its first flight between Barranquilla and Puerto Berrío.

• On October 19 of that same year, Helmuth Von Krohn accomplished the first flight between Barranquilla and Girardot, and by 1921 routes between Barranquilla, Girardot, and Neiva were established.

• In 1922 Avianca began to provide airmail service.

• In August of 1922, General Pedro Nel Ospina, then President of Colombia, used for the first time a SCADTA aircraft to conduct official business.

• On July 19, 1923, to save the country from bankruptcy, SCADTA transported a gold and currency load from Puerto Berrío to Girardot.

• On July 12, 1928, a SCADTA Junker F13, commanded by Pilot Herbert Boy crossed the Equator.

• On July 23, 1929, regular routes between Girardot and Bogotá were established.

• The cost of the first SCADTA air tickets were as follows: from Bogotá to Barranquilla, COP $75; from Bogotá to Cartagena, COP $85; from Bogotá to Cartago, COP $35; from Bogotá to Cali, COP $ 50.

• On July 16, 1931, SCADTA established the first mail service between Bogotá and New York City.

• In 1937, the airline acquired 10 Boeing 247 twin-engine aircraft, extending its domestic routes.

• By October 1939, Avianca acquired the first Douglas DC3 aircraft arriving in the country, flying then at the incredible speed of 200 miles per hour.

• Beginning in 1946, Avianca inaugurated flights to Quito, Lima, Panama City, Miami, New York City, and finally Europe using Douglas DC4 and C-54 aircraft,.

• In 1951, Avianca acquired the Lockeed Constellation 0749 and the Super Constellation 1049L aircraft, the biggest and fastest of the time.

• A grand feat in Colombian commercial aviation was also conducted by Avianca in 1956 when the airline committed to take the Colombian delegation that was to participate in the Melbourne Olympic Games in Australia. There were 61 hours of continuous operation, with only one stop for refueling allowed.

• Four years later, in 1961, Avianca leased two Boeing 707-100 aircraft to operate its international routes, and on November 24, 1961, it acquired its own Boeing 720, baptizing them with the names Simón Bolívar and Francisco de Paula Santander.

• The year 1976 was an important one for Avianca becoming the first Latin American airline to continuously operate a Boeing 747. Three years later it started operations with another 747, this time a 747 Combi mixed cargo and passenger operations.

• In 1981 the possibilities for in-ground service for passengers in Bogotá expanded thanks to the modern air terminal that Avianca commissioned: Avianca’s Air Bridge. The new terminal originally operated routes to Miami, New York City, Cali, Medellín, Pasto, and Montería.

• By 1990 Avianca had acquired the most modern aircraft in the world: two Boeing B767-200ERs, which were baptized with the names of Cristóbal Colón and Américo Vespucio.

In 1994, a strategic alliance was established to merge three of the most important enterprises of the aeronautical sector of Colombia: Avianca, the regional carrier SAM and the helicopter operator Helicol, which brought life to Avianca’s new system of operations. This system offered specialized services in Cargo (Avianca Cargo) and postal services as well as the most modern fleet in Latin America made up of: Boeing B767-200, Boeing B767-300, Boeing B757–200, McDonnell Douglas MD83, Fokker F50 and Bell Helicopters. This new system covered the following destinations:

• In Colombia: Bogotá, Arauca, Armenia, Cali, Medellín, Barranquilla, Bucaramanga, Cartagena, Cúcuta, Santa Marta, Leticia, Manizales, Montería, Pasto, Pereira, Popayán, Riohacha, San Andrés, Valledupar, Providencia, Capurganá, Bahía Solano, Nuquí, Caucasia and Chigorodó.

• In South America: Buenos Aires, Santiago de Chile, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Lima, Quito, Guayaquil and Caracas.

• In North America: Los Angeles, Newark, New York City, Fort Lauderdale, Miami and Mexico City.

• In Europe: Madrid, Paris, Frankfurt and London.

• In Central America and the Caribbean: Panama, San José, San Juan, Curaçao, Santo Domingo and Aruba.

By 1996, Avianca Postal Services evolved into Deprisa, providing express mail services through its products Deprisa and Deprisa Empresarial, Traditional Mail, Certified Mail, shipment Airport-to-Airport, and P.O. boxes.

On December 10, 1998, Avianca announced the inception of a new "connections center" in Bogotá offering around 6,000 possible weekly connecting flights and an increased number of frequencies, schedules, and destinations, taking advantage of the privileged geographical location of the country’s capital for the benefit of Colombian and international travellers between South America, Europe and North America.

After a rigorous and complex process the worldwide aviation industry came through after the September 11 Terrorist Attacks in the United States, Avianca, the regional carrier SAM and its major rival ACES joined efforts to create Alianza Summa, which began merged operations on May 20, 2002. These three airlines decided to strategically merge their strengths to offer a more efficient service with concerns to quality, quantity, security, and competition in a new struggling marketplace. However, adverse circumstances within the industry and markets forced the alliance to disband, and airline shareholders decided to initiate the liquidation of Alianza Summa in November of 2003, to focus in streghtening the Avianca trademark. These decisions resulted in the liquidation of ACES altogether, and the acquisition of SAM as a regional carrier under Avianca's system.

On December 10, 2004, Avianca concluded one of the most important and ambitious reorganization processes undertaken after filing for Chapter 11 Bankruptcy Protection by obtaining confirmation of its Reorganization Plan which was financially backed by the Brazilian consortium OceanAir/Synergy Group and the National Federation of Coffee Growers of Colombia, allowing the airline to obtain funds for US$63 million dollars in the 13 months following withdrawal from C-11.

The Plan, which counted with the support of 99.8% of the voting creditors and which obtained the majority endorsement of the Creditors Committee, will enter into force once the Company emerges from bankruptcy. In accordance with United States laws, the administration has the trust obligation to consider any other investment proposal until the final term expiration stipulated. Notwithstanding, such offer, besides being better than the one that has been approved by Avianca’s domestic and international creditors and confirmed today by the Court, must be final, i.e. fully financed and backed with non-reimbursable cash deposits or equivalent mechanisms. Likewise, such proposal must be binding. As known, the only investment that complies with these requirements is that of OceanAir/Synergy Group and the National Federation of Coffee Growers of Colombia, which already makes part of the Reorganization Plan already voted favorably by the creditors and confirmed by the Judge.

Synergy Group is an evidenced credit-worthy Brazilian entrepreneurial conglomerate. Its strength lies in the oil sector, building, installing, and offering maintenance to offshore oil platforms; it is currently carrying exploration work in Brazil, Ecuador, and Colombia. Other businesses include the extraction of gas in the United States; naval construction, telephony infrastructure, hydroelectric power plants, communications and a hydrocarbons marine exploration company which extends throughout nine countries with more than 5,000 workers.

It also owns and operates OceanAir, which services around thirty cities in Brazil, as well as VIP, an airline in Ecuador, Taxi Aero, a charter airline in Brazil, and the recently acquired Wayra in Peru, as well as Turb Serv dedicated to the maintenance of turbines. Avianca, as part of its amitious expansion plan, plans to join SkyTeam in 2008 or 2009, sponsored by its longtime partner Delta Airlines.

In 2008 OceanAir, VIP and Wayra will be rebranded as Avianca to consolidate as one airline following the ambitious expansion plans of the airline.

The airline suffered a few incidents during the 1980s and early 1990s. Many were caused by warring gangs, under the assumption that a member of a rival gang was aboard. The deadliest of those incidents was Avianca Flight 203, which was bombed in 1989 following orders from Pablo Escobar to kill a politician. In the aftermath, it was found that the politician had not boarded the plane. Only one successful bombing has occurred in the airline's history, while most other gang related incidents were related to hijackings, or shootings on board. In most hijackings, all passengers and crew members unaffiliated with the hijacker's cause were immediately released.

On April 26, 1990, M-19 presidential candidate Carlos Pizarro was gunned down during a domestic Avianca flight[1][2].

Other incidents include:

• Avianca Flight 011, a Boeing B747-200 that crashed onto a mountain just short of landing at Barajas International Airport in Madrid in September 1983 and had 181 fatalities . The cause was determined as pilot error.

• Avianca Flight 410, a Boeing B727 domestic flight which crashed into low mountains after take-off on March 17, 1988, killing all 143 on board. It was determined that pilot error was also the cause of this crash in a situation similar to that of Avianca Flight 011 five years earlier at Santander, Colombia.

• On January 25, 1990, Avianca Flight 52, a Boeing B707-321 jet en route from Bogotá to New York City via Medellín, crashed in the town of Cove Neck, New York after running out of fuel while in a holding pattern awaiting landing at New York's Kennedy Airport, killing 73 of the 158 people aboard. There was much controversy surrounding this crash. The Spanish-speaking pilots appeared not to know how to indicate the urgency of their situation in English. Also, air traffic controllers may have contributed to the disaster by not providing sufficient information regarding poor weather conditions around JFK airport and the time, and maintaining the jet in a holding pattern for too long despite being told that Flight 52 was low on fuel.

Main article: Avianca destinations

Avianca's hub is Bogotá's El Dorado International Airport. Its focus cities are Medellín, Cali, Cartagena and Barranquilla, as well as Miami, where Avianca has an important number of operations and passengers.

Avianca have their own VIP lounges at the following airports.

• El Dorado International Airport (Bogotá)
• José María Córdova International Airport (Medellín)
• Ernesto Cortissoz International Airport (Barranquilla)
• El Edén Airport (Armenia)
• Matecaña International Airport (Pereira)
• Alfonso Bonilla Aragón International Airport (Cali)
• Camilo Daza International Airport (Cúcuta)

• Mariscal Sucre International Airport (Quito)
• José Joaquín de Olmedo International Airport (Guayaquil)

DesKubra is Avianca’s commercial division specialized in the design and offer of tourist packages for destinations in Colombia and abroad.

Deskubra offers plans to:

• The Colombian Caribbean (Santa Marta, Cartagena, San Andrés Island)
• Armenia
• The interior of Colombia (Bogotá, Cali, Medellín)
• Argentina
• Chile
• Chile plus Argentina (Lake crossing)
• Margarita Island
• Aruba
• Florida (Miami and Fort Lauderdale)
• Panamá
• Mexico (Mexico City, plus Taxco and Acapulco and plus Puerto Vallarta)
• Brazil
• Perú (Lima and Cusco)
• Spain (Madrid)

AviancaPlus is Avianca's frequent flyer program. Avianca offers frequent flyer partnerships the following:

Air Canada Air France Delta Air Lines Grupo TACA Iberia

Mexicana de Aviación OceanAir SAM Colombia VIP Ecuador

Presently, Avianca has codeshare agreements with:

• Delta Air Lines
• Mexicana de Aviación
• Iberia
• Air Canada
• Grupo TACA
• Satena

• Avianca Cargo is a cargo airline based at El Dorado International Airport in Bogotá, Colombia.
• SAM is an airline based at El Dorado International Airport in Bogotá, Colombia, its fleet is now in Avianca's Colors but with a short note operated by SAM Colombia.
• Helicol is an helicopter operator based at El Dorado International Airport in Bogotá, Colombia.
• OceanAir is an airline based at Guarulhos International Airport in São Paulo, Brazil.
• VIP is a regional airline based at Mariscal Sucre International Airport in Quito, Ecuador.
• Capital Airlines is a regional airline based at Murtala Mohammed International Airport in Lagos, Nigeria.

• Wayraperú was an airline based at Jorge Chávez International Airport in Lima, Peru. It stopped operating due to internal administrative problems between the societs, Avianca decided to finish the society and the company was absorved by Avianca, including its fleet.

Avianca Fleet

Aircraft	Total	Passengers (Economic/Executive)	Routes	Notes
Airbus A319/A320-200	(90 orders)	124 (A319) / 150(A320)	Domestic/International short-medium haul	Entry into service: February 2008
Airbus A330-200	(10 orders)	293	International medium-long haul	Entry into service: September 2008
Boeing 757-200	8	170	International medium haul
Boeing 767-200ER	5	181	International medium-long haul	To Avianca Cargo in 2008
Boeing 767-300ER	2	213	International medium-long haul	To Avianca Cargo in 2008
Boeing 787-8	(10 orders) (10 options)	296	International long haul	Entry into service: 2010
Fokker F50	8	52	Domestic short haul	Exit from service: 2012
Fokker F100 OP by SAM COLOMBIA	12	98	Domestic/International short haul	Exit from service: 2012
McDonnell Douglas MD-83	17	147	Domestic/International short-medium haul	Exit from service: 2008

OceanAir Fleet

Aircraft	Total	Passengers (Economic/Executive)	Routes	Notes
Beechcraft King Air		7	Domestic short haul
Bell 407		4	Domestic short haul
Boeing 757-200Winglets	1	170	International medium-long haul
Boeing 767-300ER	2	213	International medium-long haul
Bombardier Learjet 35 A		8	Domestic short haul
Bombardier Learjet 45 XR		9	Domestic short haul
Embraer EMB 120 Brasilia	7	30	Domestic short haul
Fokker F50	5	52	Domestic short haul
Fokker F100	16	98	Domestic short haul

Helicol Fleet

Aircraft	Total	Passengers (Economic/Executive)	Routes	Notes
Bell 212	1	14	Domestic short haul
De Havilland Canada Dash 7	1	39	Domestic short haul

Capital Airlines Fleet

Aircraft	Total	Passengers (Economic/Executive)	Routes	Notes
Embraer EMB 120 Brasilia	3	30	Domestic short haul

Aircraft	Year retired	Replacement	Photo
Junkers F.13	-	Boeing B247	J.13
Boeing B247	-	Douglas DC3	-
Douglas DC-3	-	Boeing B737	DC-3
Douglas DC-4	-	Lockheed L-749 Constellation and Lockheed L-1049-G Super Constellation	DC-4
Douglas C-54 Skymaster	-	Lockheed L-749 Constellation and Lockheed L-1049-G Super Constellation	DC-54
Lockheed L-749 Constellation	-	Boeing B707 and Boeing B720	L-749
Lockheed L-1049-G Super Constellation	-	Boeing B707 and Boeing B720	L-1049
Boeing B707	1992	Boeing B757	B707
Boeing B737	1971	-	B737
Boeing B720	1984	Boeing B757	B720
Boeing B747	1995	Boeing B767	B747
McDonnell Douglas MD-11	-	Boeing B757	MD-11
Boeing B727	1998	McDonnell Douglas MD-83	B727

Date	Aircraft	Notes	Photo
Early 1930s	Junkers F13	Avianca as SCADTA	[3]
November 1968	Boeing B737-159	-	[4]
April 1973	Boeing B727-24C	-	[5]
June 1977	Boeing B747-124	Latin America launch costumer	[6]
June 1979	Boeing B747-124	-	[7]
March 1980	Boeing B727-21	-	[8]
Mid 1980's	Boeing B747-123	American Airlines colors	[9]
December 1980	Boeing B707-321C	Pan Am colors	[10]
September 1988	Boeing B727-225/Adv	Eastern Airlines colors	[11]
December 1989	Boeing B727-225/Adv	Eastern Airlines colors	[12]
Early 1990s	Boeing B757-23A	-	[13]
Mid 1990's	Boeing B747-128	Air Atlanta Icelandic colors	[14]
December 5, 1993	Boeing B757-236	Ambassador Airlines colors	[15]
April 1995	Boeing B727-2H3/Adv	-	[16]
February 1998	Boeing B727-2H3/Adv	Bancoquia Bank colors	[17]
August 16, 1998	Boeing B727-2A1/Adv	ES: Tómese ya unas Aviancaciones. Usted se las merece. EN: Take some Aviancations now. You deserve it.	[18]
January 1999	McDonnell Douglas MD-11ER	World Airways colors	[19]
September 1999	Boeing B767-3S1/ER	Grupo TACA colors	[20]
October 9, 2000	Boeing B757-2Q8	1960's colors	[21]
August 15, 2002	Boeing B767-284/ER	Summa Alliance colors	[22]
October 28, 2002	Boeing B757-2Q8	ES: 80 años EN: 80 years	[23]
October 24, 2003	Boeing B757-256	AeroMar colors	[24]
November 23, 2003	Boeing B757-236	TransMeridian Airlines colors	[25]
January 12, 2005	Boeing B757-208	Icelandair colors	[26]
April 17, 2005	Boeing B767-3Y0/ER	ES: 85 años EN: 85 years	[27]
October 22, 2005	Boeing B767-2B1/ER	Current livery	[28]
December 30, 2005	Boeing B757-28A	North American Airlines colors	[29]
July 8, 2006	Boeing B767-283/ER	ES: Colombia es pasión EN: Colombia is passion	[30]
July 18, 2007	Boeing B757-236	Juan Valdez livery	[[31]]

• Avianca VIP Lounge at El Dorado Int'l Airport - Latin America & Caribbean - 2006 Priority Pass Lounge of the Year Awards

• South America's Leading Airline - 14th World Travel Awards
• South America's Leading Airline Website - 14th World Travel Awards
• (OceanAir) South America's Leading Budget / No Frills Airline - 14th World Travel Awards
• South America's Leading Business Class Airline - 14th World Travel Awards

• South America's Leading Airline - 13th World Travel Awards
• South America's Leading Business Class Airline - 13th World Travel Awards

• South America's Leading Airline - 12th World Travel Awards
• South America's Leading Business Class Airline - 12th World Travel Awards

Avianca Benelux - www.avianca.be Avianca Argentina - www.avianca.com.ar Avianca Brazil - www.avianca.com.br Avianca Chile - www.avianca.cl Avianca Colombia (principal) - [32] Avianca Ecuador - www.avianca.com Avianca Europa - www.aviancaeuropa.com

Avianca France - www.avianca.net Avianca Panamá - www.avianca.com.pa Avianca Spain - www.avianca.es Avianca Venezuela - www.avianca.com.ve Avianca United Kingdom - www.avianca.co.uk Avianca United States - www.avianca.us

(Spanish) Avianca Cargo (English) AviancaPlus (English) Avianca VIP lounges (English) Avianca Services (Spanish) Deskubra (English) Avianca's fleet age (English) Avianca's aircraft photos by Airliners.Net

(English) Avianca's aircraft photos by JetPhotos.Net (English) Avianca's aircraft photos by MyAviation.Net (English) Avianca's domestic route map (English) Avianca's international route map (Portuguese) OceanAir (Portuguese) OceanAir Express (Spanish) Helicol (Spanish) VIP

v • d • e Avianca Group
Avianca • Avianca Cargo • Avianca Services Subsidiaries: SAM • Helicol • OceanAir • VIP • Capital Airlines Defunct airlines: SCADTA • SACO • Alianza Summa • ACES • Wayraperú

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