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ATL-98 Carvair
Aer Lingus Carvair loading a car at Bristol Airport, Bristol, England, in 1965
Type	Cargo aircraft
Manufacturer	Aviation Traders
Maiden flight	21 June 1961
Number built	21
Developed from	Douglas DC-4

The Aviation Traders ATL-98 Carvair was a Douglas DC-4 / C-54 converted into an air ferry by Freddie Laker's Aviation Traders (Engineering) Limited (ATL), allowing it to carry 25 passengers and five cars, loaded at the front.

Contents 1 Design and development 2 Service 3 Survivors 4 Specifications 5 References 6 External links 7 Related content

The nose of the original aircraft was replaced with one 8 ft 8 inches longer, the cockpit being raised to allow a sideways hinged nose door. More powerful brakes and an enlarged tail, often thought to be a Douglas DC-7 unit, but actually a completely new design, were added. The engines were four Pratt & Whitney R-2000 Twin Wasp radial engines. The prototype conversion first flew on 21 June 1961. Twenty-one Carvairs were produced in England, with production of aircraft 1, 11 and 21 at Southend Airport and the balance at Stansted Airport. The final three aircraft were delivered to the Australian airline Ansett, who supplied their own DC-4s to ATL for conversion, unlike the previous 18 aircraft that were purchased by ATL and either sold on or transferred to associate company British United Air Ferries (BUAF). One of the two aircraft still flying in June 2007 is an ex-Ansett airframe. It is likely that a second Ansett aircraft would still be flying today, had one not been abandoned at Phnom-Penh in 1975. The first flight of the last conversion, number 21, for Ansett, was on the 12 July 1968.

The Carvair was used by Aer Lingus, BUAF and British Air Ferries (BAF) among others, and was used in Congo-Kinshasa during 1960-1964, under contract to the United Nations. Aircraft for Aer Lingus were quickly convertible between 55 seats and 22 seats with five cars. Some aircraft were pure freighters with only nine seats. One aircraft had 55 high-density seats and room for three cars. British Air Ferries were the last operator in Europe of the aircraft, keeping them flying into the 1970s. British United Carvairs made appearances in the 1964 James Bond movie Goldfinger^[1], and in The Prisoner in the episode "The Chimes of Big Ben", where it is seen loading through the nose, taking off and then landing again.

Of the 21 airframes, eight were destroyed in crashes (one each in Rotterdam, Holland 1962; Karachi, Pakistan 1967; Twin Falls, Canada 1968; Le Touquet, France 1971; and four in the USA: Miami, FL 1969; Venetie, AK 1997; Griffin, GA also in 1997; and McGrath, AK in 2007.) Perhaps the best known Carvair crash was the one at Griffin in April 1997, where on its take-off run the (5th production) Carvair suffered catastrophic engine failure, failed to become properly airborne, and crashed into a vacant Piggly Wiggly supermarket past the airport perimeter, killing both pilots.

There are two airworthy examples as of June 2007. The first (Zambian registered 9J-PAA, the 21st and final Carvair built) is in South Africa with Phoebus Apollo, and is being prepared for operation again after a lay-off of some two years. The second (N89FA / "Miss 1944", the 9th Carvair) is based in Denison, Texas, and flies with Gator Global Flying Services on ad-hoc cargo charters throughout the United States. This was the aircraft that participated in the 2005 World Freefall Convention in Rantoul, Illinois, setting the record for the largest number of people to fly in a Carvair when it carried 80 skydivers and five crew to an altitude of 10,500 feet. Piloted by Captain John Harms and Captain Chris Rice, the climb took 38 minutes. The skydivers exited the large freight door at the rear of the aircraft at 110 knots.

Another Carvair (N898AT, the 20th built) had been airworthy but was written off after crashing while landing on 30 May 2007 at the airstrip at Nixon Fork Mine in Alaska^[2].

It is believed that the remains of the 7th Carvair still remain in-situ on a sand and gravel bar in the Chandalar River near Venetie, AK. The cockpit section of the 8th Carvair, CF-EPV remains near the former Halesworth Airfield in Essex, England, and the 18th Carvair, ex Aviaco / Dominicana HI-172, is rumored to still exist at the Hotel El Embajador in Santo Domingo in the Dominican Republic, as a bar/discotheque.^{[citation needed]}

General characteristics

• Crew: 2
• Length: 102 ft 7 in (31.27 m)
• Wingspan: 117 ft 6 in (35.81 m)
• Height: 29 ft 10 in (9.09 m)
• Wing area: 1,462 ft² (135.8 m²)
• Empty weight: 41,885 lb (18,999 kg)
• Loaded weight: 73,800 lb (33,475 kg)
• Powerplant: 4× Pratt & Whitney R-2000-7M2 Twin Wasp radial engine, 1,450 hp (1,081 kW) each

Performance

• Maximum speed: 250 mph (400 km/h)
• Range: 2,300 miles (3,700 km)
• Service ceiling: 18,700 ft (5,700 m)
• Rate of climb: 650 ft/min (3.3 m/s)

• www.airliners.net - Carvair information page with detailed photos
• www.geocities.com/anjapaul/production - Carvair production list
• www.ruudleeuw.com - DC-4 to Carvair, c/n 42994 history by Gil White
• www.ruudleeuw.com - Carvair N898AT restoration photographs
• www.carvair.net - Carvair Book website
• www.flyinghigher.net - Carvair N898AT photographs and history
• avia.russian.ee - Carvair plan view drawings
• aviation-safety.net - Aviation Traders Carvair Accident Database
• www.aerospaceweb.org - Carvair in Goldfinger movie

Comparable aircraft

• Bristol Freighter
• Armstrong Whitworth AW.660 Argosy

Designation sequence

ATL-90 - ATL-98

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