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Berchtesgadener Land
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Berchtesgadener Land | |
|---|---|
 Map of Bavaria highlighting the district Berchtesgadener Land |
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| State | Bavaria |
| County seat | Bad Reichenhall |
| Adm. region | Oberbayern |
| Region | Südostoberbayern |
| Area | 840 km² |
| Population | 99,800 (2001) |
| Pop. density | 119 inh./km² |
| Car identification | BGL |
| Web page | berchtesgadener-land.de |
Berchtesgadener Land is a district in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by the district of Traunstein and by the state of Austria.
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The alpine regions of the south were Bavarian territory from early Middle Ages. The 11th and 12th centuries saw the founding of numerous mountain villages. One of these settlements was Berchtesgaden, which has later assumed a more dominant role in the administrative district that now bears its name.
The northern portion of the Salzach river valley was traditionally part of bishopric (principality) of Salzburg. This principality functioned as a buffer state between Bavaria and Austria until the early 19th century. In 1816 it was divided along the Salzach river and then split between Bavaria and Austria. The western half the former principality of Salzburg is today part of the district of Berchtesgadener Land.
This district was formed in 1972 through a merger of the district of Berchtesgaden, the district of Laufen and the city of Bad Reichenhall.
Two important historical events have dramatically reshaped Berchtesgadener Land in recent years. It was Austria's signing of the Schengen treaty in 1990 and introduction the Euro in 2002 in both Germany and Austria. Municipalities on both sides of border have been brought much closer by these changes and the area is reversing many of the effects that the split of 1816 has caused. There is close and mutually beneficial cooperation in areas such as public transport, recreational sports and culture. There is even a cross-border radio station called "Radio Untersberg"(website), which would have been unimaginable some 20 years ago due to different government regulations.
Salzburg has been gradually asserting a new role as an economic, educational and cultural center of the area, which has had a ripple effect through several municipalities such as Freilassing, which have traditionally defined themselves as German border towns.
This district comprises the southeastern tip of Bavaria. It consists of a high alpine countryside in the south, with mountains rising to more than 2500 m, and of a strip along the Saalach River. The city of Salzburg (Austria) is located on the opposite side of the Saalach, across from the town of Freilassing.
The very south is occupied by the Berchtesgaden National Park (210 km²) comprising the Watzmann massif (2713 m) and the Königssee, a lake of 5.2 km² surrounded by majestic mountains.
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The coat of arms displays:
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| Towns | Municipalities | |
|---|---|---|
- Official website (German)
- Touristical website (German)
- Berchtesgaden National Park (German)
