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Bessemer and Lake Erie Railroad
Reporting marks	BLE
Locale	Ohio and Pennsylvania
Dates of operation	1897 – 2004
Successor line	Canadian National
Track gauge	4 ft 8½ in (1435 mm) (standard gauge)
Headquarters	Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

The Bessemer and Lake Erie Railroad (B≤ AAR reporting mark BLE) was an American railroad company operating in western Pennsylvania and northeastern Ohio. The railroad's main route ran from the Lake Erie port of Conneaut, Ohio to North Bessemer, Pennsylvania, near Pittsburgh, a distance of 139 miles. The original rail ancestor of the B&LE, the Shenango and Allegheny Railroad, began operation in October of 1869. Rail operations were maintained continuously by various corporate descendants on the growing system that ultimately became the B&LE in 1900, until it was purchased by Canadian National Railway in 2004. The B&LE and its predecessors offered passenger service but, in 1955, the railroad became strictly a freight hauler.

The Pittsburgh, Bessemer and Lake Erie Railroad Company was founded in 1897 by Andrew Carnegie to haul iron ore and other products from the port at Conneaut, Ohio on the Great Lakes to Carnegie Steel Company plants in Pittsburgh and the surrounding region. On the return trip, Pennsylvania coal was hauled north to Conneaut Harbor. The company was created largely out of a series of small predecessor companies including the Pittsburgh, Shenango and Lake Erie Railroad, and the Butler and Pittsburgh Railroad Company. The company was renamed the Bessemer and Lake Erie Railroad in 1900. Carnegie Steel had an exclusive 999 year lease to the PS&LE. This lease was acquired by US Steel when that company acquired Carnegie Steel in 1901.

In 1988, the Bessemer & Lake Erie Railroad became part of Transtar, Inc. Transtar is a privately held transportation holding company with principal operations in railroad freight transportation, dock operations, Great Lakes shipping, and inland river barging that were formerly subsidiaries of USX, the holding company that owns U.S. Steel. In 2001, the Bessemer & Lake Erie Railroad became part of Great Lakes Transportation, LLC. On May 10, 2004, Canadian National Railway acquired the Bessemer and Lake Erie Railroad. Iron ore and coal are still the route's major freight commodities.

The B&LE connects with the Norfolk Southern Railway at Wallace Junction, near Erie, Pennsylvania, and at the Shenango, Pennsylvania yard. The Union Railroad connects at the B&LE's southern terminus at North Bessemer, Pennsylvania. CSX (formerly the Erie-Lackawanna Railroad) connects at Shenango Yard, and the Buffalo and Pittsburgh connects at Butler, Pennsylvania. The B&LE also formerly interchanged at Osgood, PA with the New York Central System, later Penn Central and then Conrail, until the latter abandoned the line in 1988.

The main rail yard and locomotive and car shops are located in Greenville, Pennsylvania. Although the B&LE acquired some early diesel-electric switching locomotives painted black with yellow trim, the company adopted a locomotive color scheme of bright orange and black in 1950, and it remained so through the CN purchase. Because the B&LE's primary traffic is hauling iron ore, it adopted rust-colored hoppers so the ore wouldn't produce noticeable stains on its cars.

The former B&LE main line divides around Greenville, between a waypoint north of the Village of Osgood called 'KO' and another waypoint near the Village of Kremis that used the telegraph call name 'KY', for the "Osgood-Kremis" cut-off ("K-O") that joined the original "Old Line" there. The latter still winds down along the Little Shenango and Shenango Rivers into downtown Greenville (where the B&LE shops are located), and then climbs back up to Kremis, en route to Fredonia and North Bessemer. The B&LE constructed the shortcut K-O Line in 1901-02 to bypass the steep, winding route through Greenville. From 'KO Junction', it runs south over a long (1,724') viaduct above the Little Shenango River, the original B&LE Old Line, the former NYC RR's JF&C Branch and the former Erie RR's Chicago--New York main line at Osgood. It then passes east of downtown Greenville at a relatively high elevation, and rejoins the original line at KY, near Kremis. The K-O Line cut-off shortened KO to KY run by 3.1 miles vs. the Old Line. Except for the Osgood Viaduct, this cut-off was double-tracked for many years but, since the arrival of CTC signaling in the Fifties, is now entirely single track).

There was originally one tunnel on the B&LE mainline at Culmerville, but it was dug out or "daylighted" in 1922, converting it to an open cut through a hill.

As it approaches Bessemer, the B&LE is also noticeable where it crosses the Allegheny River immediately east of and parallel to the Pennsylvania Turnpike.

• CN - GLT Acquisition