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Bozhidar Dimitrov (Bulgarian: Божидар Димитров) (born 3 December 1945) is a well-known Bulgarian historian working in the sphere of Medieval Bulgarian history, the Ottoman rule of Bulgaria and the Macedonian Question. He is the director of the National Historical Museum and a Bulgarian Socialist Party politician.

Born in Sozopol to a family of Bulgarian refugees from Eastern Thrace (now part of Turkey), he was given access to the Vatican Secret Archives in the 1980s, regarded as a great achievement considered the political situation of the time. As the director of the National Historical Museum, he had a conflict with then-President Petar Stoyanov regarding whether to return the Istoriya Slavyanobolgarskaya rough copy to the Zograf Monastery or leave it in Bulgaria.

Being a member of the Supreme Party Council of BSP, he declared himself openly against the party in 2005 by not supporting BSP Mayor of Sofia candidate Tatyana Doncheva and instead favouring the independent Boyko Borisov. Because of this he was taken down from the post of BSP municipal councillors leader in Sofia.

Dimitrov is the author of 30 treatises and over 250 articles and papers in the sphere of his research, as well as several books (including The Ten Lies of Macedonism and Twelve Myths in Bulgarian History). He has specialized in paleography in Paris and also hosts the patrotic history-related Pamet Balgarska (Bulgarian Memory) show on Kanal 1.

Bozhidar Dimitrov's historical theories have been a subject of considerable controversy specifically in the Republic of Macedonia, since he is well-known for asserting the view of the Macedonians' Bulgarian origin and history. This has boosted the sales of his first book, The Ten Lies of Macedonism, to reputedly reach bestseller status with 18,000 copies being sold in the Republic of Macedonia (as compared to 10,000 in Bulgaria and also noting the much larger book market of the latter).

Dimitrov openly describes himself as a nationalist and believes that the Bulgars played a more important role in the formation of the Bulgarians as a people than the Slavs, himself claiming to be of possible Bulgar ancestry.

• Georgieva, Kapka (31 December 2002). Bulgaria won't perish as long as there's even a single Bulgarian alive (Bulgarian). Pravoslavieto.com. Retrieved on 2006-06-26.
• Parvanova, Lyudmila (21 September 2003). Bozhidar Dimitrov — A Bulgarian Reborn (Bulgarian). Standart News. Retrieved on 2006-06-26.