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Bulgarians in Hungary
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Bulgarians (Hungarian: bolgárok) are one of the thirteen officially recognized ethnic minorities in Hungary (Bulgarian: Унгария, Ungariya) since the Rights of National and Ethnic Minorities Act was enacted by the National Assembly of Hungary on 7 July 1993.[1] They number 2,316 and amount to 0.02% of the country's total population according to the 2001 census,[2] but are estimated between 2,000 and 7,000 according to different authors.[3]
A number of Roman Catholic Banat Bulgarians settled in what is today Hungary as a secondary migration,[4] establishing an early and small Banat Bulgarian community in Hungary. In Bulgarian interwar publications, their number is rounded and possibly overestimated at 10,000.[5]
However, the Bulgarian ethnic community is largely descended from gardeners and other professionals who migrated to Austria-Hungary in large groups in the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries,[4] prior to World War I.[3] In 1857, Bulgarians in Pest-Pilis-Solt-Kiskun (not counting Pest, Buda and Kecskemét) numbered 2,815, and their population had not changed significantly in 1870.[4]
The oldest Bulgarian organization in Hungary, the Association of Bulgarians in Hungary, was founded in 1914 on the initiative of Lazar Ivanov from Teteven. The Bulgarian Church Community was founded in 1916 and the first Bulgarian school in 1918.[6] Since then, the Bulgarian community has diversified to a great extent.[3]
The Bulgarian Orthodox church of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Ferencváros, Budapest was constructed in 1932.[7] A Bulgarian newspaper, Balgarski vesti, and a Bulgarian magazine, Hemus, are published by the Bulgarian community, as well as various books. There exist a number of folk dance groups, a theatre, several orchestras, a Bulgarian school for the native language and a Bulgarian-Hungarian secondary school for languages named after Hristo Botev.
- ^ Self-government in Hungary: the Romani/Gypsy experience and prospects for the future. Project on ethnic relations. Retrieved on February 18, 2007.
- ^ 1.1 Factors influencing the ethnic affiliation of the population, 2001. Hungarian Central Statistical Office. Retrieved on February 17, 2007.
- ^ a b c Ватова, Пенка. "Няколко опорни исторически факта", Корените и короната (in Bulgarian). Словото. Retrieved on February 17, 2007.
- ^ a b c Ченгова-Менхарт, Пенка. Първите (Bulgarian). Website of the Bulgarian community in Hungary. Retrieved on February 17, 2007.
- ^ Нягулов, Благовест (1999). "Българите в Банат под властта на държавите-наследнички", Банатските българи (in Bulgarian). Sofia: Paradigma, p. 82. ISBN 954-9536-13-0.
- ^ Дружеството на българите в Унгария (Bulgarian). Website of the Bulgarian community in Hungary. Retrieved on February 17, 2007.
- ^ Българска православна църква (Bulgarian). Website of the Bulgarian community in Hungary. Retrieved on February 17, 2007.
- Website of the Bulgarian community in Hungary (Hungarian) (Bulgarian)
- Bulgarian cultural forum (Bulgarian) (Hungarian)
- State Agency for Bulgarians Abroad: Hungary (Bulgarian)