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C3 (complement)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Complement component 3
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| PDB rendering based on 1c3d. | ||||||||||||||
| Available structures: 1c3d, 1ghq, 1w2s, 2a73, 2a74, 2b39, 2gox, 2hr0, 2i07, 2ice, 2icf | ||||||||||||||
| Identifiers | ||||||||||||||
| Symbol(s) | C3; ASP; CPAMD1 | |||||||||||||
| External IDs | OMIM: 120700 MGI: 88227 Homologene: 68031 | |||||||||||||
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| Orthologs | ||||||||||||||
| Human | Mouse | |||||||||||||
| Entrez | 718 | 12266 | ||||||||||||
| Ensembl | na | ENSMUSG00000024164 | ||||||||||||
| Uniprot | na | Q207D2 | ||||||||||||
| Refseq | NM_000064 (mRNA) NP_000055 (protein) |
NM_009778 (mRNA) NP_033908 (protein) |
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| Location | na | Chr 17: 56.89 - 56.91 Mb | ||||||||||||
| Pubmed search | [1] | [2] | ||||||||||||
In immunology, soluble C3-convertase, also known as iC3Bb, catalyzes the proteolytic cleavage of C3 into C3a and C3b as part of the alternative complement system.
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C3a plays an important role in chemotaxis, though not as important a role as C5a.[1]
It is also an anaphylatoxin.
C3b may bind to microbial cell surfaces within an organism's body. This can lead to the production of surface-bound C3 convertase and thus more C3b components. Also known as C3bBb, this convertase is similar to soluble C3-convertase except that it is membrane bound.
Alternatively, bound C3b may aid in opsonization of the microbe by macrophages.[1] Complement receptor 1 or CR1 on macrophages allows the engaging of C3b covered microbes.
C3b is cleaved into C3c and C3d.
- Sahu A, Lambris J (2001). "Structure and biology of complement protein C3, a connecting link between innate and acquired immunity". Immunol Rev 180: 35-48. PMID 11414361.
- Fredslund F, Jenner L, Husted L, Nyborg J, Andersen G, Sottrup-Jensen L (2006). "The structure of bovine complement component 3 reveals the basis for thioester function". J Mol Biol 361 (1): 115-27. PMID 16831446.
- PDB 2B39, PDB 2A73
- domain structure; protein database
- MeSH Complement+C3
- Matsuyama W, Nakagawa M, Takashima H, et al. (2002). "Molecular analysis of hereditary deficiency of the third component of complement (C3) in two sisters.". Intern. Med. 40 (12): 1254-8. PMID 11813855.
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| Activators | CLA: C3-convertase - MAC (C6, C7, C8, C9) - L: Mannan-binding lectin - A: Factor P/Properdin |
| Enzymes | C: C1Q/C1R/C1S - C4 - C2 - CLA: C3 - C5 (C5a) - L: MASP1 - MASP2 - A: Factor B - Factor D |
| Inhibitors | CLA: C1-inhibitor - Decay accelerating factor - Factor I - CL: C4BP - A: Factor H |
| Complement receptors | CR1 - CR2 - CR3 - CR4 - CD11b/CD11c/CD18 - Anaphylatoxin (C3a, C5a) |
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| Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin - Alpha 1-antitrypsin - Alpha 2-macroglobulin - C-reactive protein - Ceruloplasmin - C3 - Fibrin - Haptoglobin - Haemopexin - Orosomucoid - Serum albumin (negative) - Amyloid (P, A) - Transferrin |
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