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Cacapon River
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Cacapon River, located in the Appalachian Mountains of West Virginia's Eastern Panhandle region, is a beautiful and scenic river known for its outstanding fishing, boating, wildlife, and scenery. As part of the Potomac River watershed, it is an American Heritage River.
The Cacapon River Watershed is made up of three major river segments and many smaller stream watersheds. The headwaters region of the Cacapon River, known as the Lost River, receives water from a watershed covering 178 square miles. The largest tributary of the Cacapon is the North River, which drains 206 square miles, an area comparable to that of the Lost River. Overall, the Cacapon River watershed includes the Lost and North River watersheds, and those of many smaller streams for a total of 680 square miles. The Cacapon Watershed is itself part of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed.
In recent years, however, the Cacapon River and its watershed have become threatened by development, and industrial and agricultural growth. Concern about these issues led to the establishment of the Cacapon Institute in 1985 (originally known as the Pine Cabin Run Ecological Laboratory).
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The Cacapon River emerges from underground in a gap in Sandy Ridge (1683 feet/513 meters) west of Wardensville. It is actually the reemergence of the Lost River, which sinks into an underground channel east of McCauley at the location of the Clifford Hollow Bridge on the western flanks of Sandy Ridge. From its emergence, the Cacapon River creates a horseshoe bend shaped gap through Sandy Ridge and flows east paralleling West Virginia Route 55/West Virginia Route 259 to its north. At Wardensville, the river is joined by Trout Run and then curves northeastward where it meanders through an expansive valley plain. Here, it is fed by Slate Rock Run and then Moores Run further north. Shortly after its confluence with Sine Run, the Cacapon River continues north into Hampshire County.
From the county line, the river is bounded to its east by the George Washington National Forest and to its west by Baker Mountain (2024 feet/617 meters). Throughout this stretch, the Cacapon River is also joined by sections of the old Winchester and Western Railroad grade. It continues its meandering course northeastward, flowing past the community of Intermont and the old Hebron Church. At Capon Lake, the river is joined by Capon Springs Run and is the site of the historic Whipple Truss bridge. West Virginia Route 259 parallels the Cacapon River to its west along the eastern flank of Baker Mountain until the road turns east across the Kenneth Seldon Bridge at Yellow Spring. From Yellow Spring Gap, the river is fed by a run whose source is the "Yellow Spring".
The Cacapon River moves north along the eastern flank of Cacapon Mountain (1913 feet/583 meters) with Cacapon River Road (West Virginia Secondary Route 14) paralleling it to its west. From Yellow Spring, the river flows by Camps Rim Rock and White Mountain. After another immense horseshoe bend, the Cacapon River moves past the communities of Hooks Mills and Bubbling Spring and is joined by Old Man Run and Kale Hollow's run. The river's stretch through Bubbling Spring is a popular location for summer river camps which consist of cottages, trailers, and campers on narrow river lots. This stretch of the Cacapon River is also the scene for numerous old plantation homes, including Riversdell (Captain David Pugh House) at Hooks Mills.
North of Kale Hollow, the Cacapon River is joined to its west by Dillons Mountain (1913 feet/583 meters). To its east, the river is paralleled by Christian Church Road (West Virginia Secondary Route 13), on which is located the 18th century Capon Chapel. After its confluence with Mill Branch, the Cacapon River bends through the small historic town of Capon Bridge. It is met by Dillons Run from its west and traversed by a bridge of the Northwestern Turnpike (U.S. Route 50), from which Capon Bridge takes its name. From Capon Bridge, the Cacapon River is bounded to its east by Bear Garden Mountain (1572 feet/479 meters). It is then joined by Edwards Run and Cold Stream near the community of Cold Stream.
The river meanders north around Darbys Nose (1287 feet/392 meters), flanked to its east by Leith Mountain (1598 feet/487 meters). The stretch of the Cacapon River between Cold Stream and Forks of Cacapon is mountainous and forested with little development. It meanders through a series of mountain ridges, one of which, Castle Mountain (1260 feet/384 meters), sits the Caudy's Castle rock outcrop. Bloomery Pike (West Virginia Route 127) passes over the river where it is met by Bloomery Run east of Forks of Cacapon. North of Bloomery Pike lies the actual "Forks of Cacapon" where the Cacapon and North Rivers converge. From Forks of Cacapon to Largent, the river creates a number of horseshoe bends between Sideling Hill (2021 feet/616 meters) and Little Mountain (1429 feet/435 meters). This stretch of the Cacapon River is also mostly undeveloped and forested.
The Cacapon River meanders into Morgan County at Largent where Cacapon Road (West Virginia Route 9) passes over it and the river is met by Stony Creek. It continues its meandering course northeast between Sideling Hill and Little Mountain until Fisher's Bridge where it is joined to its east by the western flanks of Cacapon Mountain. Tonoloway Ridge (992 feet/302 meters) then bounds the Cacapon River to its west until it reaches the railroad hamlet of Great Cacapon. After passing under the WV 9 and old Baltimore and Ohio Railroad bridges, the Cacapon River joins the Potomac.
The Board on Geographic Names decided on "Cacapon River" in 1916 as the river's official name and spelling.
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| Bridge | Route | Location |
|---|---|---|
| Wardensville Bridge | State Route 259 (WV 259) | Wardensville |
| New Capon Lake Bridge | Capon Springs Road (CR 16) | Capon Lake |
| Whipple Truss Bridge | Pedestrian Walkway | Capon Lake |
| Kenneth Seldon Bridge | State Route 259 (WV 259) | Yellow Spring |
| Capon Bridge | Northwestern Turnpike (US 50) | Capon Bridge |
| Cacapon River Bridge | Bloomery Pike (WV 127) | Forks of Cacapon |
| Largent Bridge | Cacapon Road (WV 9) | Largent |
| Fisher's Bridge | Cacapon Road (WV 9) | North of Largent |
| Rockford Bridge | Rockford Road (CR 7) | Great Cacapon |
| Powerhouse Bridge | Powerhouse Road (CR 9/12) | Great Cacapon |
| Great Cacapon Bridge | Cacapon Road (WV 9) | Great Cacapon |
| Great Cacapon Railroad Bridge | Baltimore & Ohio Railroad | Great Cacapon |
All locations listed below are designated public access sites by the West Virginia Division of Natural Resources at their website. Access sites are listed from south to north.
| Put In | Take Out | Stream Miles |
|---|---|---|
| Wardensville Bridge | Capon Lake Bridge | 8.5 |
| Capon Lake Bridge | Cold Stream | 19 (Extremely Long Float) |
| Cold Stream | WV Route 127 Bridge | 7 |
| WV Route 127 Bridge | Cacapon Crossings | 9 |
| Cacapon Crossings | Largent, South | 6.7 |
| Largent, South | Power Plant | 20 (Extremely Long Float) |
| Power Plant | Great Cacapon WV Route 9 Bridge | 1.8 |
Tributary streams are listed from south to north. Major tributaries are listed in bold.
- Lost River
- Trout Run
- Waites Run
- Slate Rock Run
- Moores Run
- Sine Run
- Harness Run
- Hawk Run
- Capon Springs Run
- Himmelwright Run
- Dry Run
- Yellow Spring Run
- Falling Run
- Loman Branch
- Crooked Run
- Old Man Run
- Kale Hollow Run
- Mill Branch
- Dillons Run
- Gunbarrel Hollow Run
- Parks Hollow Run
- Edwards Run and Edwards Run Lake
- Cold Stream
- Frog Hollow Run
- Bloomery Run
- Ivy Run
- North River
- Bowers Run
- Wolf Hollow Run
- Critton Run
- Falling Spring Run
- Stony Creek
- Constant Run
- Whisners Run
- Connor Hollow Run
- Bubbling Spring
- Capon Bridge
- Capon Lake
- Cold Stream
- Davis Ford
- Forks of Cacapon
- Great Cacapon
- Hooks Mills
- Intermont
- Largent
- Wardensville
- Yellow Spring
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Hardy County, West Virginia |
|---|---|
| Municipalities | |
| Unincorporated communities |
Arkansaw | Baker | Basore | Bass | Baughman Settlement | Bean Settlement | Brake | Cunningham | Durgon | Fisher | Flats | Fort Run | Inkerman | Kessel | Lost City | Lost River | Mathias | McCauley | McNeill | Milam | Needmore | Old Fields | Perry | Peru | Rig | Rock Oak | Rockland | Tannery | Taylor | Walnut Bottom |
| Natural features and areas |
Cacapon River | George Washington National Forest | Grassy Lick Run | Great North Mountain | Kettle Creek | Lost River | Lost River State Park | Mill Creek Mountain | North River | Patterson Creek Mountain | Short Mountain | South Branch Potomac River | South Branch Wildlife Management Area | South Fork South Branch Potomac River | Trout Pond | Trout Run | Warden Lake |
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Morgan County, West Virginia |
|---|---|
| Municipalities | |
| Unincorporated communities |
Berryville | Burnt Factory | Campbells | Cherry Run | Doe Gully | Duckwall | Great Cacapon | Green Ridge | Greenwood | Hancock | Hansrote | Holton | Jerome | Jimtown | Johnsons Mill | Largent | Lineburg | Magnolia | Mount Trimble | New Hope | North Berkeley | Oakland | Omps | Orleans Cross Roads | Redrock Crossing | Ridersville | Ridge | Rock Gap | Sir Johns Run | Sleepy Creek | Smith Crossroads | Spohrs Crossroads | Stotlers Crossroads | Unger | Woodmont | Woodrow |
| Natural features and parks |
Berkeley Springs State Park | Cacapon Mountain | Cacapon Resort State Park | Cacapon River | Cherry Run | Meadow Branch | Potomac River | Sideling Hill | Sir Johns Run | Sleepy Creek | Sleepy Creek Mountain | Spring Gap Mountain | Timber Ridge | Tonoloway Ridge | Warm Spring Run |