Calcarine fissure

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Brain: Calcarine fissure
Medial surface of left cerebral hemisphere. ("Calcarine fissure" visible at left.)
Coronal section through posterior cornua of lateral ventricle. (Label for "Calcarine fissure" visible at bottom.
Latin sulcus calcarinus, fissura calcarina
Gray's subject #189 820
Part of Occipital lobe
Artery calcarine branch of medial occipital artery
NeuroNames hier-25
Dorlands/Elsevier s_28/12768398

The calcarine fissure (or calcarine sulcus) is an anatomical landmark located at the very caudal end of the medial surface of the brain. It begins near the occipital pole in two converging rami and runs forward to a point a little below the splenium of the corpus callosum, where it is joined at an acute angle by the medial part of the parietooccipital fissure. The anterior part of this fissure gives rise to the prominence of the calcar avis in the posterior cornu of the lateral ventricle.

The calcarine sulcus is where the primary visual cortex is concentrated. The central visual field is located in posterior portion of the calcarine sulcus and the peripheral visual field in the anterior portion. It is interesting to note, though unsurprising, that the amount of cortex dedicated to each square millimeter of the visual field is highly non-proportional; significantly more cortex is dedicated to the processing of information originating from the fovea than other locations.[1] This is known as cortical magnification.

  1. ^ Wong A, Sharpe J (1999). "Representation of the visual field in the human occipital cortex: a magnetic resonance imaging and perimetric correlation". Arch. Ophthalmol. 117 (2): 208-17. PMID 10037566. 

v • d • e
Brain: telencephalon (cerebrum, cerebral cortex, cerebral hemispheres)
Primary sulci/fissures Medial longitudinal, Lateral, Central, Parietoöccipital, Calcarine, Cingulate, Callosal Collateral fissure
Frontal lobe Precentral gyrus (Primary motor cortex, 4), Precentral sulcus, Superior frontal gyrus/Frontal eye fields (6, 8, 9), Middle frontal gyrus (46), Inferior frontal gyrus (44-Pars opercularis, 45-Pars triangularis), Orbitofrontal cortex (10, 11, 12, 47)
Parietal lobe Somatosensory cortex (Primary (1, 2, 3, 43), Secondary (5)), Precuneus (7m), Parietal lobules (Arcuate fasciculus/Superior (7l), Inferior (40)), Angular gyrus (39), Intraparietal sulcus, Marginal sulcus
Occipital lobe Primary visual cortex (17), Cuneus, Lingual gyrus, 18, 19 - Lateral occipital sulcus
Temporal lobe Primary auditory cortex (41, 42), Superior temporal gyrus (38, 22), Middle temporal gyrus (21), Inferior temporal gyrus (20), Fusiform gyrus (37) Medial temporal lobe (Amygdala, Hippocampus, Parahippocampal gyrus (27, 28, 34, 35, 36)
Cingulate cortex/gyrus Subgenual area (25), anterior cingulate (24, 32, 33), Posterior cingulate (23, 31), Retrosplenial cortex (26, 29, 30), Supracallosal gyrus
white matter tracts Corpus callosum (Splenium, Genu, Rostrum, Tapetum), Septum pellucidum, Internal capsule, Corona radiata, External capsule, Olfactory tract, Fornix (Commissure of fornix), Anterior commissure, Posterior commissure Terminal stria Superior and Inferior longitudinal fasciculus, uncinate fasciculus, cingulum, Inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus
Basal ganglia Striatum (Putamen,Caudate nucleus, Nucleus accumbens), Globus pallidus, Claustrum, Subthalamic nucleus, Substantia nigra
Other Insular cortex Olfactory bulb, Anterior olfactory nucleus Septal nuclei Basal optic nucleus of Meynert
Some categorizations are approximations, and some Brodmann areas span gyri.
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcarine_fissure"
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