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Calcium citrate
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Calcium citrate | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| General | |
| Systematic name | 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propane- tricarboxylic acid calcium salt (2:3) |
| Other names | E333 |
| Molecular formula | Ca3(C6H5O7)2 |
| SMILES | C(C(=O)[O-])C(CC(=O)[O-])(C(=O)[O-])O. C(C(=O)[O-])C(CC(=O)[O-])(C(=O)[O-])O. [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2] |
| Molar mass | 498.46 g/mol (anhydrous) |
| Appearance | White powder |
| CAS number | [813-94-5] (anhydrous) [5785-44-4] |
| Properties | |
| Density and phase | 1.63 g/cm3, solid |
| Solubility in water | 0.095 g/100 ml (25 °C) |
| Melting point | 120 °C (loses water) |
| Boiling point | Decomposes |
| Basicity (pKb) | ? |
| Chiral rotation [α]D | ?° |
| Structure | |
| Crystal structure | ? |
| Dipole moment | ? D |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | External MSDS |
| Main hazards | Irritant |
| NFPA 704 |
1
1
0
|
| Flash point | ?°C |
| R/S statement | R: ? S: ? |
| RTECS number | ? |
| Supplementary data page | |
| Structure and properties |
n, εr, etc. |
| Thermodynamic data |
Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas |
| Spectral data | UV, IR, NMR, MS |
| Related compounds | |
| Other cations | Sodium citrate |
| Related compounds | ? |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) |
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Calcium citrate is the calcium salt of citric acid. It is commonly used as a food additive (E333), usually as a preservative, but sometimes for flavor. In this sense, it is similar to sodium citrate. Calcium citrate is also used as a water softener because the citrate ions can chelate unwanted metal ions. Calcium citrate is also found in some dietary calcium supplements.
Contents |
Like citric acid, calcium citrate has a sour taste. Like other salts, however, it also has a salty taste. For this reason, citrates such as sodium and calcium citrate are commonly known as sour salt.
Calcium citrate is an intermediate in the isolation of citric acid from the fermentation process by which citric acid is produced industrially.[1] The citric acid in the broth solution is neutralised by calcium hydroxide, precipitating insoluble calcium citrate. This is then filtered off from the rest of the broth and washed to give clean calcium citrate.
The calcium citrate thus produced may be sold as-is, or it may be converted to citric acid using dilute sulfuric acid.
Calcium citrate supplements may increase aluminium toxicity. Patients with renal disease are at an increased risk of toxicity.
Bioavailability is 2.5 times higher than calcium carbonate. For this reason, patients who have undergone the Roux-en-Y variety of weight-loss surgery (also known as gastric bypass) are usually instructed to take calcium citrate as a dietary supplement.
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- ^ Use of Lime in the Chemical Industry. National Lime Association. Retrieved on 2006-11-25.