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Caryophyllales
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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 Dianthus caryophyllus
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See text. |
Caryophyllales is an order of flowering plants.
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As circumscribed by the APG II system (2003), this order includes well-known plants like cacti, carnations, spinach, beet, rhubarb, sundews, and bougainvillea. Recent molecular and biochemical evidence has resolved additional well-supported clades within the Caryophyllales.
- order Caryophyllales
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- family Achatocarpaceae
- family Aizoaceae
- family Amaranthaceae
- family Ancistrocladaceae
- family Asteropeiaceae
- family Barbeuiaceae
- family Basellaceae
- family Cactaceae
- family Caryophyllaceae
- family Didiereaceae
- family Dioncophyllaceae
- family Droseraceae
- family Drosophyllaceae
- family Frankeniaceae
- family Gisekiaceae
- family Halophytaceae
- family Molluginaceae
- family Nepenthaceae
- family Nyctaginaceae
- family Physenaceae
- family Phytolaccaceae
- family Plumbaginaceae
- family Polygonaceae
- family Portulacaceae
- family Rhabdodendraceae
- family Sarcobataceae
- family Simmondsiaceae
- family Stegnospermataceae
- family Tamaricaceae
This represents a slight change from the APG system, of 1998
- order Caryophyllales
- family Achatocarpaceae
- family Aizoaceae
- family Amaranthaceae
- family Ancistrocladaceae
- family Asteropeiaceae
- family Basellaceae
- family Cactaceae
- family Caryophyllaceae
- family Didiereaceae
- family Dioncophyllaceae
- family Droseraceae
- family Drosophyllaceae
- family Frankeniaceae
- family Molluginaceae
- family Nepenthaceae
- family Nyctaginaceae
- family Physenaceae
- family Phytolaccaceae
- family Plumbaginaceae
- family Polygonaceae
- family Portulacaceae
- family Rhabdodendraceae
- family Sarcobataceae
- family Simmondsiaceae
- family Stegnospermataceae
- family Tamaricaceae
The Cronquist system (1981) also recognised the order, with this circumscription:
- order Caryophyllales
- family Achatocarpaceae
- family Aizoaceae
- family Amaranthaceae
- family Basellaceae
- family Cactaceae
- family Caryophyllaceae
- family Chenopodiaceae
- family Didiereaceae
- family Nyctaginaceae
- family Phytolaccaceae
- family Portulacaceae
- family Molluginaceae
The difference with the order as recognized by APG lies in the first place in the concept of "order". The APG favours much larger orders and families, and the order Caryophyllales sensu APG should rather be compared to subclass Caryophyllidae sensu Cronquist.
A part of the difference lies with what families are recognized. The plants in the Stegnospermataceae and Barbeuiaceae were included in Cronquist's Phytolaccaceae. The Chenopodiaceae (still recognized by Cronquist) are included in Amaranthaceae by APG.
New to the order (sensu APG) are the Asteropeiaceae and Physenaceae, each containing a single genus, and two genera from Cronquist's order Nepenthales.
Earlier systems, such as the Wettstein system, last edition in 1935, and the Engler system, updated in 1964, had a similar order under the name Centrospermae.
