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Charles Rosen (born May 5, 1927) is an American pianist and music theorist.

He was a piano student of Moriz Rosenthal. As a virtuoso pianist he has appeared in numerous recitals and orchestral engagements around the world, and has recorded a number of 20th century works at the invitation of their composers, including works by Igor Stravinsky, Elliott Carter, and Pierre Boulez.

However, Rosen has carried out a double career. He is also the author of many widely admired books about music. Perhaps his most famous work is The Classical Style, which analyzes the nature and evolution of the high classical style as it was developed by Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven. Sonata Forms is in some ways a follow-up on The Classical Style; it is an intensive analysis of the primary musical form used in the classical era. The Romantic Generation covers the work of the early generation of Romantic composers, including Frédéric Chopin, Franz Liszt, Robert Schumann, and Felix Mendelssohn.

The polymathic Rosen has also published in other areas of the humanities: Romanticism and Realism: The Mythology of Nineteenth-Century Art and Romantic Poets, Critics, and Other Madmen.

Rosen has from time to time held positions as a university professor. He holds a Ph.D. in French Literature from Princeton University, and has taught at Harvard, Oxford University, and the University of Chicago.

He is a regular contributor to The New York Review of Books.

• Arnold Schoenberg (1996. Chicago: University of Chicago Press): ISBN 0-691-02706-4
• Beethoven's Piano Sonatas: A Short Companion (2001, New Haven: Yale University Press): ISBN 0-300-09070-6
• The Classical Style (2nd ed., 1997, New York: Norton): ISBN 0-393-31712-9
• Critical Entertainments: Music Old and New (2001. Cambridge: Harvard University Press): ISBN 0-674-00684-4
• The Frontiers of Meaning: Three Informal Lectures on Music (1994. New York: Hill and Wang): ISBN 1-871082-65-X
• The Musical Languages of Elliott Carter (1984. Washington, D.C.: Music Division, Research Services, Library of Congress)
• Piano Notes: The World of the Pianist (2002: Free Press): ISBN 0-7432-4312-9
• Romanticism and Realism: The Mythology of Nineteenth-Century Art (with Henri Zerner; 1985. New York: Norton): ISBN 0-393-30196-6
• Romantic Poets, Critics, and Other Madmen (2000. Cambridge: Harvard University Press): ISBN 0-674-77951-7
• The Romantic Generation (1998, Cambridge: Harvard University Press): ISBN 0-674-77934-7
• Sonata Forms (2nd ed., 1988, New York: Norton): ISBN 0-393-30219-9