Chemokine receptor

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Typical structure of a chemokine receptor, with seven transmembrane domains and a characteristic "DRY" motif in the second intracellular domain. Chemokine receptors are usually linked to a G-protein through which they signal.
Typical structure of a chemokine receptor, with seven transmembrane domains and a characteristic "DRY" motif in the second intracellular domain. Chemokine receptors are usually linked to a G-protein through which they signal.

Chemokine receptors are G-protein-linked 7-transmembrane receptors expressed on the surfaces of certain cells.

They interact with small extracellular protein ligands known as chemokines. Following interaction with their specific ligands, chemokine receptors trigger a flux in intracellular calcium (Ca2+) ions (calcium signaling), which generates a chemotactic response of that cell, thus trafficking the cell to a desired location within the organism. These chemokine receptors are divided into different families according to which family of chemokines they bind (CC, CXC, C, or CX3C).

  • C chemokine receptors (one member, XCR1)
  • CX3C chemokine receptors (one member, CX3CR1)

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Transmembrane receptor: G protein-coupled receptors

Adenosine - Adrenergic - Angiotensin - Bradykinin - Calcitonin - Cannabinoid - Chemokine - Cholecystokinin - Corticotropin-releasing hormone - C5A - Dopamine - Endothelin - FSH-receptor - GABA B - Galanin - Glucagon - Gonadotropin-releasing hormone - Histamine (H1, H2, H3, H4) - Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin - Melanocortin (MC1R, MC2R) - Melatonin - Metabotropic glutamate - Muscarinic acetylcholine - Neurotensin - Olfactory - Opioid (Delta, Kappa, Mu, Sigma, Nociceptin) - Parathyroid hormone - Purinergics (P2Y) - Trace amine-associated - Secretin - Serotonin, all but 5-HT3 (5-HT2A)

Rhodopsin

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G protein-coupled receptors, cytokine receptors: chemokine receptors

CC chemokine receptors (CCR5) - CXC chemokine receptors (CXCR3, CXCR4, CXCR5) - XCR1 - CX3CR1

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