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Cheyenne, Wyoming
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Cheyenne, Wyoming | |||
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| Nickname: Magic City of the Plains; Capital City (of Wyoming); The Frontier City | |||
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| Country | United States | ||
| State | Wyoming | ||
| County | Laramie | ||
| Founded | 1867 | ||
| Government | |||
| - Mayor | Jack R. Spiker | ||
| Area | |||
| - Total | 21.2 sq mi (57.9 km²) | ||
| - Land | 21.1 sq mi (54.7 km²) | ||
| - Water | 0.1 sq mi (0.2 km²) 0.38% | ||
| Elevation | 6,062 ft (1,848 m) | ||
| Population (2000) | |||
| - Total | 55,362 | ||
| - Density | 2,511.4/sq mi (969.6/km²) | ||
| Time zone | Mountain (UTC-7) | ||
| - Summer (DST) | Mountain (UTC-6) | ||
| Area code(s) | 307 | ||
| FIPS code | 56-13900GR2 | ||
| GNIS feature ID | 1609077GR3 | ||
| Website: www.cheyennecity.org | |||
Cheyenne (pronounced[help] /ʃaɪˈɛn/) is the capital of the U.S. state of Wyoming. It is the principal city of the Cheyenne, Wyoming Metropolitan Statistical Area which encompasses all of Laramie County, Wyoming. As of September 2005, it had an estimated population of 55,362. It is the county seat of Laramie County and the largest city in Wyoming.
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On July 4, 1867, General Grenville Dodge with his survey crew platted the site now known as Cheyenne (Dakota Territory, later Wyoming Territory). There were many from a hundred miles around who felt the construction of the Union Pacific Railroad through the area would bring them prosperity. So, by the time the first track was built into Cheyenne four months later (November 13), over four thousand people had migrated into the new city. Because Cheyenne sprang up like magic, according to newspaper editors visiting from the East, it became known as "Magic City of the Plains"[citation needed].
Those who stayed and did not leave with the westward construction of the railroad were joined by gamblers, saloon owners, thieves, opportunists, prostitutes, displaced cowboys, miners, transient railroad gangs, proper business men, soldiers from "Camp Cheyenne", later named Fort D.A. Russell (now F.E. Warren Air Force Base), and men from Camp Carlin, a supply camp for fifteen[citation needed] northern army posts on the frontier.
The city was not named by Grenville Dodge as his memoirs state, but rather by his friends who accompanied him to the area Dodge called "Crow Creek Crossing". It was named for the Native American Cheyenne nation ("Shay-an"), one of the most famous and prominent Great Plains tribes, closely allied with the Arapaho. The Cheyenne were among the fiercest fighters on the plains. Not pleased with the changes brought about by the railroad, they had harassed both railroad surveyors and construction crews.
As the capital of the Wyoming Territory, and the only city of any consequence, as well as being the seat of the stockyards where cattle were loaded on the Union Pacific Railroad, the city's Cheyenne Club was the natural meeting place for the organization of the large well-capitalized ranches called the Wyoming Stock Growers Association. (See Johnson County War of 1892, the largest of the "range wars" of early Wyoming history). The newspaper offices of Asa Shinn Mercer's Northwestern Livestock Journal were burned down when the paper, which was founded as a public relations vehicle for the moneyed cattle interests, began to write scathing accounts of the events that were unfolding on the open range. His account is told in his book The Banditti of the Plains,.
As a town created by the railroad, Cheyenne fittingly preserves one of the eight surviving Union Pacific Big Boy locomotives ("4004"), some of the largest steam locomotives ever built, designed for hauling freight over the Rocky Mountains at high speeds. These engines typically hauled 100 freight cars up ruling grades between Cheyenne and Ogden, Utah, at 50 miles per hour. The locomotive now resides in Holliday park in central Cheyenne. The Union Pacific's last live-steam engines still reside in Cheyenne. The Challenger 3985 and the Northern 844, UP's last steam passenger engine, are maintained there. They are used for display and excursions across the county.
Alferd Packer, the only American ever convicted of cannibalism (though the official charge was murder, since cannibalism is not a crime in the United States), was apprehended in Cheyenne, March 11, 1883. Tom Horn, the notorious Pinkerton's agent who had been operating as a hit man for the Wyoming Stock Growers Association, was hanged in Cheyenne for a murder that he probably did not commit, on November 20, 1903, a day before his 43rd birthday.
Several ships of the United States Navy have been named USS Cheyenne in honor of this city as well as a couple of tug boats working around New York City[citation needed].
Cheyenne is located at (41.145548, -104.802042)GR1.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 54.9 km² (21.2 mi²). 54.7 km² (21.1 mi²) of it is land and 0.2 km² (0.1 mi²) of it (0.38%) is water.
As of the censusGR2 of 2000, there were 53,011 people, 22,324 households, and 14,175 families residing in the city, making it the largest city in the state of Wyoming. The population density was 969.6/km² (2,511.4/mi²). There were 23,782 housing units at an average density of 435.0/km² (1,126.7/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 88.11% White, 2.78% Black or African American, 0.81% Native American, 1.06% Asian, 0.11% Pacific Islander, 4.44% from other races, and 2.69% from two or more races. 12.54% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
| Historical populations | |||
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| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1900 | 14,087 |
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| 1910 | 11,320 | -19.6% | |
| 1920 | 13,829 | 22.2% | |
| 1930 | 17,361 | 25.5% | |
| 1940 | 22,474 | 29.5% | |
| 1950 | 31,935 | 42.1% | |
| 1960 | 43,505 | 36.2% | |
| 1970 | 41,254 | -5.2% | |
| 1980 | 47,283 | 14.6% | |
| 1990 | 50,008 | 5.8% | |
| 2000 | 53,011 | 6.0% | |
| Est. 2005 | 55,362 | 4.4% | |
| State of Wyoming, U.S. Census Bureau | |||
There were 22,324 households out of which 30.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.2% were married couples living together, 10.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.5% were non-families. 31.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.93.
In the city the population was spread out with 24.9% under the age of 18, 8.8% from 18 to 24, 29.7% from 25 to 44, 22.8% from 45 to 64, and 13.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 95.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.7 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $38,856, and the median income for a family was $46,771. Males had a median income of $32,286 versus $24,529 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,809. About 6.3% of families and 8.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.1% of those under age 18 and 5.8% of those age 65 or over.
- Wyoming State Capitol
- Cheyenne Botanic Gardens
- F.E. Warren Air Force Base, one of the nation's oldest, continuously active installations with a United States Army - to - United States Air Force evolution.
- Nagle Warren Mansion
In Cheyenne the north-south Interstate 25 running from New Mexico to Wyoming intersects with the east-west Interstate 80 running from California to New York.
Cheyenne is serviced by Cheyenne Airport.
Union Pacific and BNSF serve Cheyenne.
In Philip K. Dick's alternative history novel The Man in the High Castle, Cheyenne is where Hawthorne Abendsen lives in his "High Castle".
Cheyenne's sister cities are:
United States: Lompoc, California- United States: Bismarck, North Dakota
Republic of China: Taichung, Taiwan
France: Lourdes, France- United States: Waimea, Hawaii
Under Consideration:
- John Godina - Olympic shot putter who won a silver medal at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics and a bronze medal at the 2000 Sydney games. John was born in Oklahoma but attended Cheyenne Central High School.
- Curt Gowdy (1919-2006) - Noted national sportscaster
- Merle "Hap" Johnson (1918-2007) - World War II army colonel
- Robert T. Johnson (1924-2007) - Aviator, first helicopter pilot in Wyoming Army Guard
- Cynthia Lummis - Former member of both houses of the Wyoming legislature and former Republican state treasurer (1999-2007)
- Dean T. Prosser (1917-2007) - Republican member of the Wyoming House of Representatives from 1971-1983 and leader in environmental legislation
- Robert Schliske (1924-2007) - Founding faculty member of Laramie County Community College and former Republican member of the Wyoming House of Representatives
- Dorothy Schwartz (1913-2007) - Violinist with the Cheyenne Symphony
- Joseph D. Selby (1950-2007) - Former Republican member of the Wyoming House of Representatives and municipal judge
- Larry D. Shippy (1946-2007) - Former Republican member of the Wyoming House of Representatives and official of Cheyenne Frontiers Day rodeo
- Edwin H. Whitehead (1925-2007) - Former member of the Wyoming House of Representatives and leader of the John F. Kennedy forces in Wyoming in 1960
- Alvin Wiederspahn (born 1949) - Former Democratic member of both houses of the Wyoming legislature and prominent Cheyenne lawyer; husband of Cynthia Lummis
- Dan Zwonitzer (born 1979) - Republican member of the Wyoming House of Representatives
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Cheyenne: |
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| By FM frequency | 88.1 • 90.3 • 91.9 • 92.9 • 93.7 • 95.1 • 96.7 • 97.9 • 99.9 • 100.7 • 101.9 • 104.5 • 104.9 • 106.3 |
| By AM frequency | 650 • 1240 • 1380 • 1480 • 1630 |
| By callsign | KAIX • KCGY • KFBC • KGAB • KIGN • KIMX • KJUA • KKPL • KLEN • KOLT-FM • KOLZ • KQMY • KRAE • KRND • KRQU • KRRR • KUWR • KWYC • KZDR |
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Wyoming Radio Markets: Casper • Cheyenne • Rock Springs
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- Cheyenne, Wyoming is at coordinates Coordinates:
| Cheyenne, Wyoming |  |
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Warren Air Force Base | South Greeley | Fox Farm | Ranchettes |
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| Laramie County |
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Laramie County, Wyoming |
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| County seat: Cheyenne | ||
| City |
Cheyenne |
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| Towns |
Albin | Burns | Pine Bluffs |
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| CDPs | ||
| Community | ||
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Cheyenne (capital) |
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| Topics |
Governors | Geography | Government | Economy | History |
| Regions |
Black Hills | Grand Teton | Great Basin | Powder River Country | Yellowstone |
| Cities |
Casper | Cheyenne | Cody | Evanston | Gillette | Green River | Jackson | Laramie | Rawlins | Riverton | Rock Springs | Sheridan | Worland |
| Counties |
Albany | Big Horn | Campbell | Carbon | Converse | Crook | Fremont | Goshen | Hot Springs | Johnson | Laramie | Lincoln | Natrona | Niobrara | Park | Platte | Sheridan | Sublette | Sweetwater | Teton | Uinta | Washakie | Weston |