Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport

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Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport
छत्रपती शिवाजी आंतरराष्ट्रीय विमानतळ

IATA: BOM – ICAO: VABB
Summary
Airport type Public
Operator Mumbai International Airport Limited
Location Mumbai (Bombay), India
Elevation AMSL 37 ft / 11 m
Coordinates 19°05′19″N 72°52′05″E / 19.08861, 72.86806
Website www.csia.in
Runways
Direction Length Surface
ft m
14/32 9,569 2,925 Asphalt
09/27 11,302 3,445 Asphalt


Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport (IATA: BOM, ICAO: VABB), formerly Sahar International Airport, is an airport in Mumbai (formerly Bombay), India.

The airport, spread over an operational area of 1450 acres (5.9 km²), is India's biggest international and domestic aviation hub. It serves the metropolitan area of Mumbai since the terminals are located in the suburbs of Santacruz and Sahar. The airport was formerly known as Sahar International Airport & Santacruz Domestic Airport. It was recently renamed, after the 17th century Maratha Emperor, Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhonsle, to Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport.

Contents

The Royal Indian Airforce Santacruz was a defence airfield of the Royal Indian Airforce (RIAF) during World War 2 and was entrusted in the 1950s (after India gained independence from Britain) to the Public Works Department, and subsequently the Civil Aviation Ministry of the Government of India. It was named after the suburb of Santacruz where the airfield was located. Santacruz Airport long remained the name well into the 1980s until the new international terminal went into operation at nearby Andheri. Even today, the domestic terminals 1-A and 1-B are commonly known as Santacruz airport.

The Airbus A380, the world's largest passenger airplane, landing at Mumbai airport
The Airbus A380, the world's largest passenger airplane, landing at Mumbai airport

Mumbai airport is the busiest in India and South Asia.Recently the Mumbai-Delhi route has been ranked by Official Airline Guide (OAG) as the seventh busiest domestic route in the world based on the number of flights per week. There are said to be more than 50 flights daily between the two airports in each direction. The airport is the primary international gateway to the subcontinent and served by 46 international airlines and is also the base for the flag carrier Air India. It also serves as a hub for domestic operators Indian Airlines, Jet Airways, JetLite, Go Air, Spice Jet, IndiGo Airlines and Kingfisher Airlines. Peak international traffic occurs in the night while peak domestic traffic is before 1000. Nevertheless, at least 45% of traffic flows between 1000 and 1830 daily.

In the 11 months between April 2006-February 2007, Mumbai airport, the busiest in India, handled 180,000 landings and take-offs and over 20 million passengers, with a total of 13.56 million domestic air passengers and 6.73 million international passengers. It registered a 21.28% growth in passenger traffic over the previous year 2005-06, when the figure was 17.6 million passengers. [1]

Interior of the international terminal
Interior of the international terminal

The airport consists of the International Terminal (Terminal 2 aka Sahar) and the Domestic Terminal (Terminal 1 aka SantaCruz). These terminals use the same airside facilities but are physically separated on the landside, requiring a 10-15 minute drive between them. The Airport Authorities of India provide shuttle services between the domestic and international terminals for connecting passengers. Terminal 1 is further divided into Terminal 1-A, opened in April 1992, and serves Indian, its subsidiary Alliance Air, Kingfisher Airlines, and Go Air. The older Terminal 1-B serves Jet Airways, JetLite, SpiceJet, Air Deccan and other private domestic carriers. Terminal 2, designed by Aéroports de Paris and opened in January 1981, is now Terminal 2-A--the original complex consisting of parking bays 41-46, namely, gates 3 to 8, the first aerobridges ever installed in South Asia--which serves most airlines whereas Terminal 2-C, inaugurated in October 1999, is exclusively for Air India, Air India Express and those carriers whose ground operations are handled by Air India. Terminal 2-B, currently mothballed, functioned as an extension wing between September 1986 and October 1999 for Air India and handled airlines.

Mumbai airport has two cross runways designated 09/27 and 14/32. Runway 14/32 (2,925 m or 9,619 ft) runs between terminals 1 and 2, while the main runway 09/27 (3,489 m or 11,447 ft) intersects it south of the terminal buildings. ILS approaches are available on the 27 (CAT II) and 09, 14 and 32 ends (CAT I). ILS at 27 end starts at 3,700 ft and is 10.5 nm long with a glide slope path of 3.3 degrees. As regards actual (truncated) use of both runways, only 11,303 ft (3,445 m) is designated usable at 09/27 and 9,596 ft at 14/32, especially for landings. Runway 14 approach requires aircraft to backtrack and exit upon landing as the turning pad at 32 end is unusable. Due to maintenance runway 09/27 is unavailable for landing or take off between 0715-0915Z on Mon. and Sat., and between 0715-0845Z on Wed..

From January 1, 2006, both runways were operated simultaneously for three hours in the morning from 0530 to 0830. On average, about 50 flights of smaller aircraft have taken off daily from 14/32 in this time period. Since the experiment was deemed successful it has recently been decided to carry out simultaneous use in the evenings too. It is not clear if this will be for two hours or three hours. A rate of 25 departures per hour is being targeted in the evening slot. The problems with utilising 14/32 are: (i) Mumbai's controversial new control tower erected in 1996 and some 72 m or 236 ft tall penetrates transitional obstacle limitation surfaces by over 50 m for instrument approaches, and in excess of 40 m for visuals. Approach minima at both 14 and 32 ends are higher (based on best approach aid) and are as follows: RW 14 (DA 580 ft), RW 32 (MDA 1440 ft) compared to RW 09 (DA 270 ft) or RW 27 (DA230 ft), meaning that there is a higher probability of missed approaches and diversions in inclement weather (ii) a hillock, Trombay Hill, lies 4.5 nm away from the 32 end, an approach also questioned recently by security agencies because the BARC nuclear complex at Trombay (Anushakti Nagar) lies within its flight path.Now expansion of Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport has been awarded to L&T ECCD.

Terminal 1B, the first part of the master plan
Terminal 1B, the first part of the master plan

Mumbai International Airport Ltd (MIAL), a consortium of GVK and Airports Company of South Africa(ACSA), was appointed to carry out the modernisation of the Mumbai Airport in February 2006. MIAL took immediate steps to improve areas of passenger convenience like kerbside, terminal entrances and improved cleanliness. HR initiatives were taken such as employee communication and training. Some of the changes that have taken place at CSIA over the last few months are [2]:

  • additional check-in counters
  • cleaner toilets
  • better housekeeping
  • improved signages
  • more F&B options
  • better kerbside management
  • aesthetic changes
  • smoother traffic flow
Upgraded Baggage Claim area at the International terminal
Upgraded Baggage Claim area at the International terminal

Master Plan: [3] In October 2006, MIAL unveiled the masterplan for CSIA. The master plan has been designed to expand and upgrade the infrastructure at CSIA to cater to traffic of 40 million passengers per year and one million metric tonnes of cargo per year by 2010. International and domestic terminals will be merged into one terminal building at the current international building and the current domestic terminal will be converted to dedicated cargo terminal.

The implementation of the master plan will be undertaken in two main stages:

  • The Interim Phase is the implementation of several immediate measures. These are to be completed by 2008 and will include:
    • Commencement of refurbishment and construction at Terminal 2
    • Revamp of Terminal 1A to upgrade and expand facilities such as check-in counters and boarding bridges
    • Setting-up of temporary cargo facilities to add capacity
    • Upgradation of the airside runway facilities such as rapid exit taxiways to increase runway capacity to cater to traffic growth
    • Enhancing city-side facilities such as multi-level car parks
  • Phase One to be completed by 2010 includes:
    • Creation of a brand new terminal building (T2) at Sahar catering to both international and domestic passengers
    • Construction of a dedicated link from the Western Express Highway to T2 at Sahar
    • Enhancement of the airside facilities by shifting the Air Traffic Control tower and construction of a parallel taxiway
    • Development of infrastructure on the city-side
    • Building new cargo facilities
    • construction of Terminal 1C
Terminal 1A
Terminal 1A

Key facilities at the revamped CSIA:

Facilities Proposed Existing
Parking stands for aircraft 106 (67 in contact and 39 remote) 84 (18 in contact and 66 remote)
Boarding Bridges 51 18
Check-in counters 316 182
Car parking 12000 3600

In the meantime, new taxiways have been developed to reduce the runway occupancy time by aircraft after landing. MIAL is undertaking the installation of a centralised data system which will provide information about domestic as well as international flights to all display devices at both terminals instead of just one or the other as at present. This will be done in a few months. There are plans to extend the scope of the system to the ATC and apron control areas, the airport website and even to leading hotel chains. A centralised call centre to provide flight details is also envisaged. While a parallel runway seems to have been ruled out, the ATC tower is now expected to be taken down and relocated to facilitate cross-runway operation.

Mumbai International Airport (MIAL) has launched a free wireless network, in association with Bharti Airtel, to provide enterprise-class wi-fi service throughout domestic and international terminals. [4] This means that passengers transiting through Mumbai’s airport terminals can access the internet for free.

Taxi stand at Mumbai airport
Taxi stand at Mumbai airport
  • Free Shuttle Service between the International and domestic terminals

Ground Transportion in Mumbai

Operations and Statistics
Flight frequencies to the metros
By flight frequencies (weekly one-way)
1 Delhi 381
2 Bangalore 237
3 Chennai 168
4 Hyderabad 133
5 Kolkata 113

  • Air India (Domestic) (Ahmedabad, Aurangabad, Bangalore, Bhopal, Bhubaneswar, Chandigarh, Chennai, Coimbatore, Delhi, Goa, Hyderabad, Indore, Jaipur, Jamnagar, Jodhpur, Kochi, Kolkata, Kozhikode, Madurai,Mangalore, Nagpur, Patna, Pune, Raipur, Ranchi, Srinagar, Thiruvananthapuram,Udaipur, Vadodara, Varanasi, Visakhapatnam)
  • Go Air (Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Bhopal, Chennai, Cochin, Coimbatore, Delhi, Goa, Indore, Hyderabad, Jaipur, Jammu, Srinagar)
  • Kingfisher Airlines (Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Bhuj, Bhopal, Chennai, Delhi, Goa,Guwahati, Hubli, Hyderabad, Indore, Jaipur, Kochi, Kolkata, Mangalore, Nagpur, Srinagar, Varanasi]

  • Jet Lite (Ahmedabad, Chennai, Delhi, Goa, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Lucknow,tarukha Patna, Varanasi, visakhapatnam)
  • Air Deccan (Ahmedabad, Aurangabad, Bhavnagar, Chennai, Coimbatore, Delhi, Goa, Hyderabad, Jamnagar, Kochi, Kolkata, Mangalore, Nagpur, Raipur, Rajkot, Thiruvananthapuram, Vadodara, visakhapatnam)
  • Jet Airways (Ahmedabad, Aurangabad, Bangalore, Bhavnagar, Bhuj, Chennai, Coimbatore, Delhi, Goa, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Imphal, Indore, Jaipur, Jodhpur, Kochi, Kolkata, Kozhikode, Mangalore, Nagpur, Pune, Raipur, Rajkot, Thiruvananthapuram,Udaipur, Vadodara)
  • IndiGo ( Agartala, Bangalore, Chennai, Guwhati, Goa, Hydrebad, Imphal, Jaipur, Kochi, Kolkata, New Delhi, Nagpur, Pune, Vadodara)
  • SpiceJet (Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Chennai, Coimbatore, Delhi, Goa, Hyderabad)

Caterers: TAJ-SATS, Ambassador's Sky Chef, Sky Gourmet, Oberoi Flight Services, Chef Air.

Fuelers: Indian Oil, Hindustan Petroleum, Bharat Petroleum.

Ground Handlers: Air India, Indian Airlines, Cambata Aviation, Air Works India.

 This article does not cite any references or sources. (September 2007)
Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed.


Airports in India
International airports: | Ahmedabad – AMD/VAAH | Amritsar – ATQ/VIAR | Bangalore – BLR/VOBG | Calicut – CCJ/VOCL | Chennai – MAA/VOMM | Guwahati – GAU/VEGT | Gaya – GAY/VEGY † | Goa – GOI/VAGO | Hyderabad – HYD/VOHY | Indore – IDR/VAID † | Jaipur – JAI/VIJP † | Kochi – COK/VOCI | Kolkata – CCU/VECC | Lucknow – LKO/VILK † | Mangalore – IXE/VOML | Mumbai – BOM/VABB | Nagpur – NAG/VANP | New Delhi – DEL/VIDP | Patna – PAT/VEPT † | Pune – PNQ/VAPO † | Thiruvananthapuram – TRV/VOTV | Varanasi – VNS/VIBN †
† Designated as customs airports. A few international flights operate from here.
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