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Ciliary muscle
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Ciliary muscle | ||
|---|---|---|
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| The choroid and iris. (Ciliary muscle is labeled near top.) | ||
| Latin | musculus ciliaris | |
| Gray's | subject #225 1011 | |
| Origin: | {{{Origin}}} | |
| Insertion: | {{{Insertion}}} | |
| Artery: | {{{Blood}}} | |
| Nerve: | {{{Nerve}}} | |
| Action: | accommodation | |
| Dorlands/Elsevier | m_22/12548589 | |
The ciliary muscle is a smooth muscle of the head that is responsible for accommodation of the eye
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The ciliary muscle affects zonular fibers in the eye (fibers that suspend the lens in position during accommodation), enabling changes in lens shape for light focusing. When the ciliary muscle contracts, it releases the tension on the lens caused by the zonular fibers (fibers that hold or flatten the lens). This release of tension of the zonular fibers causes the lens to become more spherical, adapting to short range focus.
The other way around, relaxation of the ciliary muscle causes the zonular fibers to become taut, flattening the lens, increasing long range focus.
Contraction of the lens happens when there is parasympathetic activation of the M3 muscarinic receptors on the ciliary muscles. This leads to contraction of the ciliary muscles, a consequent reduction in the size of the ciliary body, and a lessening of the tension on the lens, hence allowing the lens to spring back into a more spherical shape to accommodate for close vision.
Unlike the muscles of the iris (which receives both types of autonomic innervation--the iris sphincter is exclusively innervated by parasympathetics and the iris dilator exclusively by sympathetics), the ciliary muscle receives only parasympathetic innervation.
 Sympathetic connections of the ciliary and superior cervical ganglia. |
 The arteries of the choroid and iris. The greater part of the sclera has been removed. |
 Iris, front view. |
- Ciliary+muscle at eMedicine Dictionary
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