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The Columbus Red Birds was the name of a top-level minor league baseball team that played in Columbus, Ohio, in the American Association from 1931 through 1954. The Columbus club, a member of the Association continuously since 1902, was previously known as the Senators - a typical appellation for a team based in a state (or national) capital. It was independently and locally owned through the 1920s.

But the economic distress of the Great Depression was accompanied by the rise of the farm system - pioneered by the St. Louis Cardinals. The Cardinals purchased minor league teams at all levels to develop their talent on an assembly line, and when they needed a second top-level farm club (St. Louis already owned the Rochester Red Wings of the International League), they purchased the struggling Columbus Senators club and dubbed it the Red Birds, a popular nickname for the big-league club.

The first business manager of the Red Birds was a baseball novice named Larry MacPhail. A bold promoter, he aggressively upgraded the stadium, championed night baseball games, and tried to make baseball more fan-friendly. Attendance tripled between 1930 and 1932. MacPhail left Columbus after a dispute with the Cardinals' ownership, and moved up to Major League Baseball as the general manager of three teams between 1933 and 1947, and earned a place in the Baseball Hall of Fame.

Columbus produced a number of great players, including Hall of Famer Enos Slaughter (who batted .382 for the 1937 Red Birds with 245 hits), and won Association titles in 1933, 1934, 1937, 1941-43 and 1950. But in the early 1950s a series of losing teams, and the encroachment of television, depressed the Red Birds' attendance, and the club moved to Omaha, Nebraska, for the 1955 season and was re-christened the Omaha Cardinals.

But Columbus immediately gained a new AAA team when the Ottawa franchise of the International League began playing there in 1955. This club, the Columbus Jets, briefly moved to Charleston, West Virginia, in the 1970s, but then returned to Ohio in 1977 as the Columbus Clippers and was the longtime AAA affiliate (1979-2006) of the New York Yankees.