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Constans
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Constans | |
|---|---|
| Emperor of the Roman Empire | |
 |
|
| Bronze coin bearing the profile of Constans |
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| Reign | 337-350, jointly with Constantine II (until 340) and Constantius II |
| Full name | Flavius Julius Constans |
| Born | 320 |
| Died | 350 |
| southeastern Gaul | |
| Predecessor | Constantine I |
| Successor | Magnentius |
| Dynasty | Constantinian |
| Father | Constantine I |
| Mother | Fausta |
Flavius Julius Constans (320-350), was a Roman Emperor who ruled from 337 to 350. Constans was the third and youngest son of Constantine I and Fausta, Constantine's second wife.
In 337 he succeeded his father, jointly with his older brothers Constantine II and Constantius II, receiving Italy, Pannonia and Africa as his portion. Constantine II, who ruled over Gaul, Spain and Britain, attempted to take advantage of his youth and inexperience by invading Italy in 340, but Constans defeated Constantine at Aquileia, where the older brother died.
In 341-2, Constans led a successful campaign against Franks and in the early months of 343 visited Britain. The source for this visit, Julius Firmicus Maternus, does not give a reason for this but the quick movement and the danger involved in crossing the channel in the dangerous winter months, suggests it was in response to a military emergency of some kind, possibly to repel the Picts and Scots.
Regarding religion, Constans was tolerant of Judaism but promulgated an edict banning pagan sacrifices in 341. He suppressed Donatism in Africa and supported Nicene orthodoxy against Arianism, which was championed by his brother Constantius the latter. Constans called the Council of Serdica, which unsuccessfully tried to settle the conflict.
In 350, the general Magnentius declared himself emperor with the support of the troops on the Rhine frontier, and later the entire Western portion of the Roman Empire. Constans lacked any support beyond his immediate household, and was forced to flee for his life. Magnentius' supporters cornered him in a fortification in southeastern Gaul, where he was killed.
- DiMaio, Michael, "Constans I (337-350 A.D.)", De Imperatoribus Romanis site.
| Preceded by Constantine I |
Roman Emperor 337-350 with Constantius II and Constantine II |
Succeeded by Magnentius (usurper) |