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Crystalline Solid
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Crystalline solids are a class of solids that have regular or nearly regular crystalline structures. This means that the atoms in these solids are arranged in an orderly manner.
| Crystal | Particles | Attractive Forces | Properties |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ionic | Positive and negative ions | Electrostatic attractions | High m.p., hard, brittle, good electrical conductor in molten state |
| Molecular | Polar molecules | London and dipole-dipole | Low m.p., soft, nonconductor or extremely poor conductor of electricity in liquid state |
| Molecular | Non-polar molecules | London | Low m.p., soft, nonconductor or extremely poor conductor of electricity in liquid state |
| Network | Atoms | Covalent bonds | Very high m.p., very hard, nonconductor of electricity |
| Metallic | Positive ions and mobile electrons | Metallic bonds | Fairly high m.p., hard or soft, malleable and ductile, good electrical conductor |
Amorphous solids belong to a final category of solids that don't contain crystals. They are essentially shapeless in structure, lacking any sort of repeating pattern that each other type of solid possesses. These most often form as a result of the rapid cooling of a molten material.