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Cyanogen chloride
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Cyanogen chloride | |
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| Systematic name | Chloroformonitrile |
| Other names | Chlorine cyanide CK |
| Molecular formula | CNCl |
| Molar mass | 61.46 g/mol |
| CAS number | [506-77-4] |
| UN number | 1589 |
| Density | 1.19 g/cm3 (liquid) |
| Solubility (water) | Soluble |
| Melting point | -6 °C |
| Boiling point | 13.8 °C |
| Disclaimer and references | |
Cyanogen chloride is a chemical compound with the formula ClCN. This linear triatomic molecule is an easily condensed colorless gas at room temperature. More commonly enountered in the laboratory is cyanogen bromide, a room temperature solid, which is widely used in biochemical analysis and preparation.
Contents |
- for the preparation of sulfonyl cyanides.[1]
- to prepare chlorosulfonyl isocyanate, a useful reagent in organic synthesis.[2]
Also known as CK, cyanogen chloride is a highly toxic blood agent, once proposed for use in chemical warfare. It causes immediate injury upon contact with the eyes or respiratory organs. Symptoms of exposure are loss of consciousness, convulsions, paralysis, and death. It is especially dangerous because it is capable of penetrating the filters in gas masks, according to U.S. analysts. CK is unstable due to polymerization, sometimes with explosive violence[3].
Cyanogen chloride is listed in schedule 3 of the Chemical Weapons Convention: all production must be reported to the OPCW.
- ^ Vrijland, M. S. A. "Sulfonyl Cyanides: Methanesulfonyl Cyanide" Organic Syntheses, Collected Volume 6, p.727 (1988).
- ^ Graf, R. "Chlorosulfonyl Isocyanate" Organic Syntheses, Collected Volume 5, pages 226ff.
- ^ FM 3-8 Chemical Reference handbook; US Army; 1967
- NIOSH Emergency Response Card
- eMedicine article
- National Pollutant Inventory - Cyanide compounds fact sheet
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| Blood agents: | Cyanogen chloride (CK) – Hydrogen cyanide (AC) | |
| Blister agents: | Lewisite (L) – Sulfur mustard gas (HD, H, HT, HL, HQ) – Nitrogen mustard gas (HN1, HN2, HN3) | |
| Nerve agents: | G-Agents: Tabun (GA) – Sarin (GB) – Soman (GD) – Cyclosarin (GF) – GV | V-Agents: VE – VG – VM – VX | Novichok agents | |
| Pulmonary agents: | Chlorine – Chloropicrin (PS) – Phosgene (CG) – Diphosgene (DP) | |
| Incapacitating agents: | Agent 15 (BZ) – KOLOKOL-1 | |
| Riot control agents: | Pepper spray (OC) – CS gas – CN gas (mace) – CR gas | |