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Dead mall
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article or section deals primarily with the United States and does not represent a worldwide view of the subject. Please improve this article or discuss the issue on the talk page. |
A dead mall is a shopping mall with a high vacancy rate or a low consumer traffic level, or that is dated or deteriorating in some manner. There are many malls in the United States that are considered "dead". Dead malls may be made up of one or more "dead" anchors, meaning that the space where an anchor store (often a large department store) would be located is empty.
In many instances, a mall begins dying when the mall's surrounding neighborhood undergoes a socio-economic decline, or a newer, larger mall opens nearby. Structural changes in the department store industry have also made it difficult for malls to survive: a few large national chains have replaced dozens of small local and regional chains, and some national chains have themselves gone out of business. Hence, in most North American markets, there now aren't enough traditional department stores to fill all the existing anchor spaces. The newer "big box" chains (such as Wal-Mart and Target) normally prefer to occupy their own free-standing buildings rather than mall-anchor spaces.
Dead malls are often redeveloped. Leasing companies or management companies may change the architecture, layout, decor, or other component of a shopping center to attract more renters and draw more profits. Sometimes redevelopment can involve a switch from retail usage to office or educational usage of a building. As a last resort the structure is demolished and the property redeveloped for other uses, known as building on a greyfield site. In places such as Vermont with a strict permitting process, and in major urban areas where open fields are long gone, this can be much easier and cheaper than building on a greenfield site.
One of the most famous dead malls is the Dixie Square Mall in Harvey, Illinois. Dixie Square was featured in the movie The Blues Brothers. The car chase scenes that took place inside a shopping mall were filmed at Dixie Square, and were filmed after the mall had already been closed down. Producers dressed the mall to make it appear to be a functional mall that was open for business. Afterwards the mall had stood vacant and rotting, and it still stands today.
The phenomenon of dead malls is examined and commented upon by the website Deadmalls.com. The site features a list of over 300 defunct shopping centers from across the country, with historical perspectives commenting on their decline, as well as many photographs. It has garnered major media attention and serves as a point of reference for developers and mall owners alike.