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Diamond Jubilee
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A Diamond Jubilee is a celebration held to mark a 60th anniversary in British and Commonwealth usage or a 75th anniversary in American usage.
In the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth Realms such as Canada, Australia, and New Zealand, a Diamond Jubilee is held in the 60th year of a monarch's reign.
On 22 September 1896, Victoria surpassed George III as the longest-reigning monarch in British history. In accordance with the Queen's request, all special public celebrations of the event were delayed until 1897, the Queen's Diamond Jubilee. The Colonial Secretary, Joseph Chamberlain, proposed that the Diamond Jubilee be made a festival of the British Empire. Thus, the prime ministers of all the self-governing colonies were invited along with their families. The procession in which the Queen participated included troops from each Dominion, British colony and dependency, together with soldiers sent by Indian princes and chiefs (who were subordinate to Victoria, the Empress of India). The Diamond Jubilee celebration was an occasion marked by great outpourings of affection for the septuagenarian Queen, who was by then confined to a wheelchair. The celebrations also coincided with heightened security prompted by the assassination plot on her life by Irish nationalists on her Golden Jubilee 10 years earlier.
Throughout the rest of the Empire, celebrations took place despite the physical absence of the Monarch herself, with parades and festivals organized in major cities and towns in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa, and other Dominions and British territories. In Canada, streets were decorated and the Prime Minister, then Sir Wilfred Laurier, toured parts of the country to take part in the fetes.[1] Canada issued a Diamond Jubilee series of stamps on June 19, 1897, with two depictions of Victoria on them. Commemorative envelopes were also manufactured, with Victoria's portrait and a poem on the front:
- Queen, that from Spring to Autumn of thy reign
- Hast taught thy people how 'tis queenlier far
- Than any golden pomp of peace or war
- Simply to be a woman without stain.[2]
Rudyard Kipling wrote his somber Recessional in honor of the Jubilee; Arthur Sullivan wrote a ballet, Victoria and Merrie England; and Arthur Conan Doyle referred to it in a Sherlock Holmes story.