Diencephalon

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Brain: Diencephalon
Diagram depicting the main subdivisions of the embryonic vertebrate brain. These regions will later differentiate into forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain structures.
Reconstruction of periphera nerves of a human embryo of 10.2 mm. (Label for Diencephalon is at left.)
Latin diencephalon
Gray's subject #189 807
NeuroNames hier-271
MeSH Diencephalon

The diencephalon is the region of the brain that includes the thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus, prethalamus or subthalamus and pretectum. It is derived from the prosencephalon. The diencephalon is located at the midline of the brain, above the mesencephalon of the brain stem. The diencephalon contains the zona limitans intrathalamica as morphological boundary and signalling centre between the prethalamus and the thalamus.

Contents

The diencephalon is the part of the forebrain that contains such important structures as the thalamus, hypothalamus and the anterior portion of the pituitary gland. The hypothalamus performs numerous vital functions, most of which relate directly or indirectly to the regulation of visceral activities by way of other brain regions and the autonomic nervous system.

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Brain: diencephalon
Epithalamus Pineal body • Habenula (Habenular nuclei)
Hypothalamus
Subthalamus Subthalamic nucleus • Zona incerta • Thalamic fasciculus • Lenticular fasciculus
Thalamus/nuclei Ventral nuclear group (VA/VL, VP/VPM/VPL) • MD • AN • LNG (Pulvinar) • Intralaminar nucleus (Centromedian nucleus) • Midline nuclear group • Thalamic reticular nucleus • Metathalamus (MG, LG) • Interthalamic adhesion
Third ventricle recesses: (Optic recess, Infundibular recess, Suprapineal recess, Pineal recess) • Hypothalamic sulcus
Other Interventricular foramina • Optic chiasm • Subfornical organ • Mammillothalamic tract
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diencephalon"
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