Drohobych

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Drohobych
Дрогóбич
Official coat of arms of Drohobych
Coat of arms


Government
Country
Oblast
Raion		 Ukraine
Lviv Oblast
Drohobytskyi Raion
First mentioned 1387
Mayor
Geographical characteristics
Area
 - City
41.0 km²
Population
 - City (2005)
77,049
Coordinates 49°21′00″N 23°30′00″E / 49.35, 23.5Coordinates: 49°21′00″N 23°30′00″E / 49.35, 23.5
Other Information
Website: http://drohobych.com

Drohobych (Ukrainian: Дрогóбич, Polish: Drohobycz, German: Drohobytsch, Russian: Дрогóбыч, translit. Drogobych, Yiddish: דרובּיטש) is a city located at the confluence of the Tysmenytsia river and Seret, a tributary of the latter, in the Lviv Oblast (province), in western Ukraine. The current estimated population is around 77,049 (as of 2005).

Contents

Serving as the administrative center of the Drohobytskyi Raion (district), Drohobych itself is a city of oblast subordinance, thus being subject directly to the oblast authorities rather to the raion administration housed in the city itself.

A historical building in Drohobych.
A historical building in Drohobych.

Drohobych probably existed in the Kievan Rus' period while there are only legendary accounts of that.

According to one legend there was a settlement, called Bych, of the salt-traders. When Bych was destroyed in the Cumans raid, the survivors rebuilt the settlement at the nearby location under the current name which means the Second or Another Bych. In the time of the Kievan Rus the Tustan fortress was built near Drohobych. However, scholars view this legend with skepticism, pointing out that Drohobych is a Polish pronunciation of Dorogobuzh, a common East Slavic toponym applied to three different towns of Kievan Rus. [1]

The city was first mentioned in 1387 in the municipal records of Lvov (now Lviv) in connection with some Martin (or Marcin) of Drohobych.[1] Also, the chronicler's "List of all Ruthenian cities, the further and the near ones"[2] in Voskresensky Chronicle (dated 1377–1382) mentions "Другабець" (Drugabets') among other cities in Volhynia that existed at the time such as Холмъ (Cholm), Лвовъ Великій (Lvov the Great)

In 1392 Jogaila ordered a construction of the first Latin Catholic cathedral (Kosciół) using the foundations of old Ruthenian buildings that existed prior to that. In the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the city was the center of large rural starostvo (county at Ruthenian Voivodeship). Drohobych received the Magdeburg rights some time in the 15th century (sources differ as to an exact year and some give 1422, 1460,[1] or 1496[3] but in 1506 the right were confirmed by the king Alexander the Jagiellonian). In the 14th–16th centuries the city was a home of significant salt industry. From the early-17th century, the Ukrainian Catholic brotherhood existed in the city,

In 1648, during the Khmelnytsky Uprising, the Cossacks stormed the city and its cathedral. Most of the local Poles, as well as the Uniates and the Jews, were murdered at the time, while some managed to survive in the Bell tower not taken in the raid.

The 1772 partition of Poland gave the city to Austria. As the significant oil resources were discovered in the area, the city became an important center of the oil and natural gas industries.

Following World War I, the area became part of Poland. In 1928 the Ukrainian private gymnasium opened in the center of the city and is currently operational.

In September, 1939, the city was attached to Soviet Ukraine when the territory of the interwar Poland was divided between the Nazi Germany and the USSR. In Ukraine Drohobych became a center of the Drohobych Oblast (province). In early July, 1941, during the first weeks of the Nazi invasion of the USSR, the city was occupied by the Nazi Germany. As Drohobych had a significant Jewish population, the city became a site of the large ghetto which the Nazis liquidated in June 1943.[4] On August 6, 1944, Drohobych was liberated from the Nazi occupation by the forces of the 4th Ukrainian front.[5] Following the war, the city remained an oblast center until the Drohobych Oblast was into Lviv Oblast in 1959.

In Soviet times, Drohobych became an important industrial center in Western Ukraine with highly developed oil-refining industry, machine building, woodworking industry, light industry, and food industry.

Drohobych streets.
Drohobych streets.
The Music and Drama Theater in Drohobych.
The Music and Drama Theater in Drohobych.

The population of Drohobych throughout the years was:

  • 1931 — 32,300 inhabitants
  • 1959 — 42,000 inhabitants
  • 1970 — 56,000 inhabitants
  • 2001 — 79,000 inhabitants

In 1869, of the town's 16,880 inhabitants 28.7% were Ukrainian, 23.2% were Polish or Roman Catholic, and 47.7% were Jewish; in 1939, when the population was 34,600, the respective figures were 26.3%, 33.2%, and 39.9%. By 1959 Ukrainians constituted 70% of the town's population, Russians 22%, Poles 3%, and Jews 2%.[3]

In 1931, the total population of the Drohobych district was 194,456, distributed among different languages:[6]

  • Polish: 91,935 (47.3%)
  • Ukrainian: 79,214 (40.7%)
  • Yiddish: 20,484 (10.5%)

In January 2007, the total population of the metropolitan area was over 103,000 inhabitants.

Industries currently based in the city include oil-refineries, chemicals, machinery, metallurgy, and food processing.

City Country Year of Signing
Buffalo, New York Flag of the United States United States
Muscatine, Iowa Flag of the United States United States

Find more information on Drohobych by searching Wikipedia's sister projects
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  1. ^ a b c History of Drohobych at Drohobych.net
  2. ^ А СЕ ИМЕНА ГРАДОМЪ ВСЂМЪ РУССКЫМЪ, ДАЛНИМЪ И БЛИЖНИМЪ in PSRL, Т. VII. Летопись по Воскресенскому списку. — СПб, 1856. — с. 240–241.
  3. ^ a b Drohobych in Encyclopedia of Ukraine
  4. ^ The Nazi Crimes in the territory of the USSR
  5. ^ Events of 1944 at hronos.ru
  6. ^ Genealogy of Halychyna/Eastern Galicia

Administrative divisions of Lviv Oblast, Ukraine
Administrative center:  Lviv
Raions Flag of Ukraine

Coat of arms of Lviv Oblast
Cities
Urban-type
settlements
Villages
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drohobych"
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