Duke of Nemours

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

In the 12th and 13th centuries the lordship of Nemours, in the Gatinais, France, was in possession of the house of Villebeon, a member of which, Gautier, was marshal of France in the middle of the 13th century. The lordship was sold to King Philip III of France in 1274 and 1276 by Jean and Philippe de Nemours, and was then made a county and given to Jean III de Grailly, captal de Buch in 1364. In 1404, Charles VI of France gave it to Charles III of Evreux, king of Navarre, and erected it into a duchy in the peerage of France, in exchange to his ancestral county of Evreux in Normandy.

After being confiscated and restored several times, the duchy reverted to the French crown in 1504, after the extinction of the house of Armagnac-Pardiac. In 1507 it was given by Louis XII of France to his nephew, Gaston de Foix, who was killed at the Battle of Ravenna in 1512. The duchy then returned to the royal domain, and was detached from it successively for Giuliano de Medici and his wife Philiberta of Savoy in 1515, for Louise of Savoy in 1524, and for Philip of Savoy, count of Genevois, in 1528. The descendants of the last-mentioned duke possessed the duchy until its sale to Louis XIV of France. In 1672 Louis gave it to his brother Philip, duke of Orleans, whose descendants possessed it until the French Revolution. The title of duc de Nemours was afterwards given to Louis Charles, son of King Louis Philippe I of France.

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After the death of Charles III in 1425, the Duchy was claimed both by the descendants of his younger daughter, Beatrix d'Evreux, and his elder daughter and heiress, Blanche I of Navarre. Blanche's descendants, the Kings of Navarre, claimed the title until 1571. However, Louis XII settled the claim on Jacques d'Armagnac, grandson of Beatrix, in 1462.

Charlotte, the last descendant of Beatrix d'Evreux, died childless in 1504.

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