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Dwight Herbert Green (January 9, 1897 – February 20, 1958) was Republican governor of the U.S. state of Illinois, serving from 1941 to 1949.

Green was born in Ligonier, Noble County, Indiana, son of Harry Green and Minnie (Gerber) Green. On June 29, 1926, he married Mabel Victoria Kingston. He served in the U.S. Army during World War I.

Green attended law school at the University of Chicago, practiced law, and served as United States Attorney for the Northern District of Illinois in 1931-35. It would be Green's primary responsibility to help fight the organized crime operations -- such as Al Capone's gang -- which virtually ruled Chicago and much of the state in the 1930's. The government team prosecuting Al Capone for Tax Evasion consisted of U.S. Attorney George E. Q. Johnson, and his prosecutors Dwight H. Green, Samuel Clawson, Jacob Grossman and William Froelich. In 1939, he was the unsuccessful Republican candidate for Mayor of Chicago.

In 1940, a backlash against the New Deal and the U.S. Democratic Party had begun to affect Illinois and many other states, especially in the Midwest. The Republican Green, with his record as a prosecutor and established opposition to the big-city Chicago political machine, was elected governor of Illinois. He was inaugurated on January 13, 1941.

At the end of the same year, Pearl Harbor thrust Governor Green into the job of leading one of the largest U.S. state governments during World War II. He won widespread support during the war and was reelected in 1944 to serve a second full term.

The coming of peace in 1945 created new challenges for America's big cities and state governments. In particular, there was a sharp shortage of housing for returning veterans and their families, as little had been built during the war or the Great Depression.

The Chicago Democratic party slated an intellectual lawyer, Adlai Stevenson, to oppose Green for a third term in office. In a surprising upset, Stevenson defeated Green in November 1948, ending Green's political career.

Governor Green returned to private life after his 1948 defeat. He died February 20, 1958 and was buried at Rosehill Cemetery, Chicago.

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This article incorporates facts obtained from The Political Graveyard.