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Mexico

This article is part of the series: Politics and government of Mexico

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The United Mexican States elects, on the national level, a head of state – the president – and a legislature.

The President of Mexico is elected for a six-year term by the people. The candidate who wins the most votes is elected president even if he or she does not have an absolute majority.

The Congress of the Union (Congreso de la Unión) has two chambers. The Chamber of Deputies (Cámara de Diputados) has 500 members, elected for a three year term, 300 of whom are elected in single-seat constituencies by plurality, with the remaining 200 members elected by proportional representation in 5 multi-state, 40-seat constituencies. The 200 PR-seats are distributed generally without taking account the 300 plurality-seats (Parallel voting), but since 1996 a party cannot get more seats overall than 8 % above its result for the PR-seats (a party must win 42% of the votes for the PR-seats to achieve an overall majority). There are two exceptions on this rule: first, a party can only lose PR-seats due to this rule (and no plurality-seats); second, a party can never get more than 300 seats overall (even if it has more than 52% of the votes for the PR-seats).

The Chamber of Senators (Cámara de Senadores) has 128 members, elected for a six-year term, 96 of them in three-seat constituencies (corresponding to the nation's 31 states and one Federal District) and 32 by proportional representation on a nationwide basis. In the state constituencies, two seats are awarded to the plurality winner and one to the first runner-up.

At the local level, each of Mexico's 31 constituent states elects a governor to serve a six-year term; they also elect legislative deputies who sit in state congresses, and municipal presidents (presidentes municipales, or mayors). The Federal District (Mexico City) elects a Head of Government in lieu of a mayor, district assemblymen in lieu of state congressional deputies, and borough heads in lieu of municipal presidents.

Mexico has a multi-party system, with three dominant political parties, and a number of smaller ones. Alliances and coalitions are common; normally, they are local (state) affairs and involve one of the big three and any number of minor parties; on extraordinary occasions, two of the big three will ally themselves against the third (see, for example, 2003 Colima state election or 2004 Chihuahua state election).

Contents 1 Elections 1.1 Federal elections 1.2 State elections 2 Latest federal results 3 Previous federal results 4 See also 5 External links

• 2006 Mexican presidential and congressional election
• 2003 Mexican congressional election
• 2000 Mexican presidential and congressional election
• 1997 Mexican congressional election
• 1994 Mexican presidential and congressional election
• 1991 Mexican congressional election
• 1988 Mexican presidential and congressional election

• 2006 Mexican local elections
• 2005 Mexican local elections
• 2004 Mexican local elections
• 2003 Mexican local elections

Main article: Mexican general election, 2006

Summary of the 2 July 2006 Mexican presidential election results

Candidates		Party	Votes	%
	Felipe Calderón	National Action Party	15,000,284	35.89%
	Andrés Manuel López Obrador	Coalition for the Good of All (PRD, PT, CV)	14,756,350	35.31%
	Roberto Madrazo	Alliance for Mexico (PRI, PVEM)	9,301,441	22.26%
	Patricia Mercado	Social Democratic and Peasant Alternative Party	1,128,850	2.70%
	Roberto Campa Cifrián	New Alliance	401,804	0.96%
	Write in		297,989	0.71%
	Blank/Invalid		904,604	2.16%
Total			41,791,322	100.0%
Source: Instituto Federal Electoral [1]

Summary of the 2 July 2006 Mexican Chamber of Deputies election results

Parties and/or coalitions			Votes	%	FPP	PR	Total seats
	National Action Party		13,845,121	33.41	137	69	206
	Coalition for the Good of All	PRD	12,013,364	28.99	91	36	127
		CV			5	12	17
		PT			2	10	12
		No party			0	1	1
	Alliance for Mexico	PRI	11,676,585	28.18	65	41	106
		PVEM			0	17	17
	New Alliance Party		1,883,476	4.55	0	9	9
	Social Democratic and Peasant Alternative Party		850,989	2.05	0	4	4
Total			41,435,934	100.00	300	200	500
Source: Chamber of Deputies

Summary of the 2 July 2006 Mexican Senate election results

Parties and/or coalitions			Votes	%	FPP	FM	PR	Total seats
	National Action Party		14,035,503	33.63	32	9	11	52
	Coalition for the Good of All	PRD	12,397,008	29.70	22	4	5	31
		PT			0	0	3	3
		CV			0	0	2	2
	Alliance for Mexico	PRI	11,681,395	27.99	10	19	6	35
		PVEM			0	0	4	4
	New Alliance		1,688,198	4.04	0	0	1	1
	Social Democratic and Peasant Alternative Party		795,730	1.91	0	0	0	0
Total			41,739,188	100.00	64	32	32	128
Source: Senate

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Summary of the 2 July 2000 Mexican presidential election results

Candidates - Parties	Votes	%
Vicente Fox Quesada - Alliance for Change (National Action Party / Ecologist Green Party of Mexico)	15,989,636	42.52
Francisco Labastida Ochoa - Institutional Revolutionary Party	13,579,718	36.11
Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas Solórzano - Alliance for Mexico (Party of the Democratic Revolution)	6,256,780	16.64
Gilberto Rincón Gallardo - Social Democracy	592,381	1.58
Manuel Camacho Solís - Party of the Democratic Center	206,589	0.55
Porfirio Muñoz Ledo - Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution	156,896	0.42
Total (turnout 64 %)	36,601,618	100.00
Source: Instituto Federal Electoral

[discuss] – [edit]
Summary of the 6 July 2003 Chamber of Deputies of Mexico election results

Parties		Votes	%	FPP Seats	PR Seats	Total
PRI/PVEM	Institutional Revolutionary Party (Partido Revolucionario Institucional)		30.6	161	63	224
	Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (Partido Verde Ecologista de México)		4.0	3	14	17
	PRI-PVEM lists		13.4
National Action Party (Partido Acción Nacional)			23.1	80	69	149
Party of the Democratic Revolution (Partido de la Revolución Democrática)			17.6	56	41	97
Labour Party (Partido del Trabajo)			2.4	0	6	6
Convergence for Democracy (Convergencia por la Democracia)			2.3	0	5	5
Independents				0	2	2
Total				300	200	500
Source: IFE/PREP and Grupa Reforma

[discuss] – [edit]
Summary of the 2 July 2000 Senate of Mexico election results

Alliances and parties		Votes	%	Seats
Alliance for Change (Alianza por el cambio)	National Action Party (Partido Acción Nacional)		38.1	46
	Green Ecological Party of Mexico (Partido Verde Ecologista de México)			5
Institutional Revolutionary Party (Partido Revolucionario Institucional)			36.7	60
Alliance for Mexico (Alianza por México)	Party of the Democratic Revolution (Partido de la Revolución Democrática)		18.9	15
	Labour Party (Partido del Trabajo)			1
	Convergence for Democracy (Convergencia por la Democracia])			1
	Social Alliance Party (Partido Alianza Social )			-
	Party of the Nationalist Society (Partido de la Sociedad Nacionalista)			-
Social Democracy (Democracia Social)			1.8	-
Party of the Democratic Centre (Partido de Centro Democrático] )			1.4	-
Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution (Partido Auténtico de la Revolución Mexicana)			0.7	-
Total (turnout 64.0 %)				128
Source: IFE

• Electoral calendar
• Electoral system

• IFE website
• Adam Carr's Election Archive
• Electionworld