130 Elektra

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130 Elektra is a very large outer main belt asteroid. It was discovered by C. H. F. Peters on February 17, 1873 and named after Electra, an avenger in Greek mythology.

Its spectrum is of the G type, hence it probably has a Ceres-like composition. Spectral signatures of organic compounds have been seen on Elektra's surface [1].

Recent optical observations have found a satellite (see below). Using its orbit, Elektra's mass can be reliably found. The value of 1.3×1019 kg indicates an unusually high density (for asteroids) of 3.8 ± 0.3 g/cm³. Optical observations have also determined that Elektra's shape is quite irregular, as well as giving indications of albedo differences of 5-15% on its surface[2]. This is uncommon, and corroborates with Elektra's high density to indicate that it is probably a solid, rather than fractured or rubble pile, body.

In 2003, a small moon of Elektra was detected using the Keck II telescope. The diameter of the satellite is 4 km and it orbits at a distance of about 1170 km. The satellite has been given the provisional designation S/2003 (130) 1. Due to only a few observations to date, its orbit is still relatively loosely constrained [3].
S/2003 (130) 1
Discovery[4] and Designation
Discovered by: W. J. Merline, P. M. Tamblyn,
C. Dumas, L. M. Close,
C. R. Chapman, and F. Menard
Discovery date: 15 August , 2003
Orbital characteristics[3]
Semi-major axis: 1252 ± 30 km
Eccentricity: unknown, likely small
Orbital period: 3.92 ± 0.03 d
Avg. orbital speed: 23 m/s
Inclination: uncertain
Satellite of: 130 Elektra
Physical characteristics
Dimensions: 6 ± 2 km [2]
Mass: ~4×1014 kg [5]
Equatorial Escape velocity: ~ 4 m/s
Absolute magnitude: 14.5[2]
130 Elektra
Discovery[6] and Designation
Discovered by: Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters
Discovery date: February 17, 1873
Orbital characteristics[7]
Epoch December 31, 2006 (JD 2454100.5)
Aphelion 565.778 Gm (3.782 AU)
Perihelion: 369.263 Gm (2.468 AU)
Semi-major axis: 467.521 Gm (3.125 AU)
Eccentricity: 0.210
Orbital period: 2017.954 d (5.52 a)
Avg. orbital speed: 16.66 km/s
Mean anomaly: 225.604°
Inclination: 22.838°
Longitude of ascending node: 145.635°
Argument of perihelion: 234.753°
Satellites: S/2003 (130) 1
Physical characteristics
Dimensions: 215×155 ± 12 km[8][9][10][11]
Mass: 1.28±0.10×1019 kg [3][12]
Mean density: 3.8 ± 0.3 g/cm³ [3]
Equatorial surface gravity: 0.07 m/s²[13]
Equatorial Escape velocity: 0.13 km/s[13]
Sidereal rotation period: 0.230103 d (5.52247 h)[2]
Axial tilt: 157°
Pole ecliptic latitude: -88°[2]
Pole ecliptic longitude: 68°
Geometric albedo: 0.076 ± 0.011 [9]
Surface temp.:
   Kelvin
   Celsius
min mean max
~157 251
-23°
Spectral type: G [14]
Absolute magnitude: 7.12 [9]

  1. ^ (1987) "Organic Matter on Asteroid 130 Elektra". Science 238: 183. 
  2. ^ a b c d e F. Marchis et al (2006). "Shape, size and multiplicity of main-belt asteroids I. Keck Adaptive Optics survey". Icarus 185: 39. 
  3. ^ a b c d 130 Elektra and S/2003 (130) 1, orbit data website maintained by F. Marchis.
  4. ^ IAUC 8183
  5. ^ Assuming a similar density to the primary.
  6. ^ Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets, Minor Planet Centre
  7. ^ ASTORB orbital elements database, Lowell Observatory
  8. ^ Based in IRAS mean diameter of 182±12 km, a/b ratio of 1.4 as per the following references
  9. ^ a b c Supplemental IRAS Minor Planet Survey
  10. ^ PDS node spin vector database (in particular, the synthetic compiled value of a/b=1.4).
  11. ^ (130) Elektra and S/2003 (130) 1, at Johnston's archive (maintained by W. R. Johnston).
  12. ^ Error estimate derived from consideration of M \propto a^3/P^2 and given errors in a and P. See propagation of uncertainty.
  13. ^ a b On the extremities of the long axis.
  14. ^ PDS node taxonomy database

Minor planets
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Small Solar System bodies
Vulcanoids · Near-Earth asteroids · Main belt · Jupiter Trojans · Centaurs · Damocloids · Neptune Trojans · Comets · Trans-Neptunians (Kuiper belt • Scattered disc objects • Oort cloud)
For other objects and regions, see Asteroid groups and families, Binary asteroids, Asteroid moons, meteoroids and the Solar System.
For a complete listing, see List of asteroids. See also Pronunciation of asteroid names and Meanings of asteroid names.
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