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Elena of Montenegro
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Elena of Montenegro | |
|---|---|
| Queen of Italy | |
 |
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| Titles | 'HM Queen Elena of Italy (1946-1952) HM The Queen of Italy (1900-1946) HM The Empress of Ethiopia (1936-1941) HM The Queen of Albania (1939-1943) HRH The Crown Princess of Italy (1896-1900) HRH Princess Elena of Montenegro (1873-1896) |
| Born | 8 January 1873 |
 Cetinje |
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| Died | 28 November 1952 (aged 79) |
 Montpellier |
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| Consort | 29 July 1900 – 9 May 1946 |
| Consort to | Victor Emmanuel III |
| Issue | Yolanda Margherita Mafalda Umberto II Giovanna Maria Francesca |
| Royal House | House of Petrović-Njegoš |
| Father | Nicholas I of Montenegro |
| Mother | Milena Vukotić |
Princess Jelena Petrović-Njegoš of Montenegro (8 January 1873, Cetinje - 28 November 1952, Montpellier) was the daughter of King Nikola I Petrović-Njegoš of Montenegro and his wife, Milena Vukotić. Upon Jelena's marriage to King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy on 24 October 1896 she became Queen Elena of Italy (Regina Elena in Italian).
Due to the Fascist conquest of Ethiopia in 1936 and Albania in 1939, Queen Elena briefly used the claimed titles of Empress of Ethiopia and Queen of Albania as well. Both titles were dropped when her husband formally renounced these titles in 1943.
She is considered the most influential Montenegrin woman in history, because she reigned over Italians (as Queen of Italy) from 1900 to 1946, Ethiopians (as Empress of Abyssinia) from 1936 to 1941 and Albanians (as Queen of Albania) from 1939 to 1943.
She even influenced her husband (the King of Italy Victor Emmanuel III) to lobby Mussolini for the creation of the Independent State of Montenegro in 1941. Subsequently she obtained the release from a German prison of Prince Michael of Montenegro (who refused to become the king of fascist Montenegro) and his wife in 1943.
King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy and Queen Elena had 5 children:
- Umberto II (1904-1983), the last king of Italy. He married (and following the abolition of monarchy, separated from) Princess Marie José of Belgium
- Yolanda Margherita Milena Elisabetta Romana Maria (1901-1986), married Giorgio Carlo Calvi, Count of Bergolo (1887-1977);
- Mafalda Maria Elisabetta Anna Romana (1902-1944), married Prince Philip of Hesse-Kassel - died in Buchenwald, a Nazi concentration camp;
- Giovanna Elisabetta Antonia Romana Maria (1907-2000), married Boris III of Bulgaria Her son Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha was the former King of Bulgaria and the former Prime Minister of Bulgaria
- Maria Francesca Anna Romana (1914-2001), married Prince Luigi of Bourbon-Parma (1899-1967)
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Elena of Montenegro
Born: 8 January 1873 Died: 28 November 1952 |
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| Italian royalty | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Margherita of Savoy |
Queen Consort of Italy 29 July 1900-9 May 1946 |
Succeeded by Marie-José of Belgium |
| Albanian royalty | ||
| Preceded by Geraldine Apponyi de Nagy-Apponyi |
Queen of the Albanians 16 April 1939-3 September 1943 |
Succeeded by None |
- The Njegoskij Fund Public Project : Private family archives-based digital documentary fund focused on history and culture of Royal Montenegro.
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