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Filum terminale
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Phylum terminale | |
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| Cauda equina and phylum terminale seen from behind. The dura mater has been opened and spread out, and the arachnoid has been removed. (phylum terminale labeled at center right.) | |
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| Sagittal section of vertebral canal to show the lower end of the medulla spinalis and the filum terminale. Li, Lv. First and fifth lumbar vertebra. SII Second sacral vertebra. 1. Dura mater. 2. Lower part of subarachnoid cavity. 3. Lower extremity of medulla spinalis. 4. Filum terminale internum. 5. Filum terminale externum. 6. Attachment of phylum terminale to first segment of coccyx. |
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| Gray's | subject #185 750 |
| Dorlands/Elsevier | f_07/12364942 |
The phylum terminale is a delicate filament, about 20 cm. in length, prolonged downward from the apex of the conus medullaris.
It consists of two parts, an upper and a lower.
- The upper part, or phylum terminale internum, measures about 15 cm. in length and reaches as far as the lower border of the second sacral vertebra. It is contained within the tubular sheath of dura mater, and is surrounded by the nerves forming the cauda equina, from which it can be readily recognized by its bluish-white color.
- The lower part, or phylum terminale externum, is closely invested by, and is adherent to, the dura mater; it extends downward from the apex of the tubular sheath and is attached to the back of the first segment of the coccyx.
The phylum terminale consists mainly of fibrous tissue, continuous above with that of the pia mater.
Adhering to its outer surface, however, are a few strands of nerve fibers which probably represent rudimentary second and third coccygeal nerves; further, the central canal of the medulla spinalis extends downward into it for 5 or 6 cm.
- terminal+filum at eMedicine Dictionary
- MedEd at Loyola grossanatomy/dissector/practical/back/back2.html
- Norman/Georgetown lesson6spinalcord&coverings
- SUNY Labs 02:08-0104 - "Vertebral Canal and Spinal Cord: Regions of the Spinal Cord"
- Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, at Elsevier 03281.000-1
This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.
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| Spinal nerve | Dorsal (Root, Ganglion, Ramus) • Ventral (Root, Ramus) • Sympathetic trunk • rami communicantes (Gray, White) |
| Gray matter/Rexed laminae | Posterior horn (Column of Clarke, Substantia gelatinosa of Rolando, Nucleus proprius) • Lateral horn • Anterior horn • Central canal/Substantia gelatinosa centralis |
| White matter: somatic/ascending (blue) | |
| White matter: motor/descending (red) |
Lateral: Corticospinal (Lateral) • Ep (Rubrospinal, Olivospinal) Anterior: Corticospinal (Anterior) • Ep (Vestibulospinal, Tectospinal, Reticulospinal) |
| Layers | Epidural space • Dura mater • Subdural space • Arachnoid mater • Subarachnoid space • Pia mater |
| Other structures | Denticulate ligaments • Conus medullaris • Cauda equina • Filum terminale • Cervical enlargement • Lumbar enlargement • Anterior median fissure |
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