First Lieutenant

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First Lieutenant is a military rank.

The rank of Lieutenant has different meanings in different military formations (see comparative military ranks), but in all cases it is common for it to be divided.

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In the British Army and Royal Marines, the rank above Second Lieutenant is simply Lieutenant, with no ordinal attached.

The Royal Artillery, Royal Engineers and Fusilier regiments, the only branches which used Second Lieutenant (instead of Ensign or Cornet), did use the term First Lieutenant, but this ended when the whole Army switched to using Second Lieutenant in 1871.

In the Royal Navy, the rank of Lieutenant is equivalent to that of a Captain in the army, and First Lieutenant is a position rather than a rank.

In the days of sail, the Lieutenants in a ship were ranked according to their seniority (i.e. how long they had been a Lieutenant), with the senior being the First Lieutenant, followed by the Second Lieutenant, Third Lieutenant, etc. The First Lieutenant (familiarly known as the "Number One") was the second-in-command (unless the ship was big enough to carry a Commander as well as a Captain, which sometimes happened from the mid-19th century onwards). When this system was abolished in the late 19th century, the position of First Lieutenant (only) was retained, remaining as second-in-command of a smaller ship or third-in-command of a larger ship.

Today, the First Lieutenant often holds the rank of Lieutenant-Commander. In smaller ships he also holds the position of Executive Officer, although in larger ships that carry a Commander as Executive Officer, he is the Executive Officer's deputy.

Officer ranks of the Flag of the United Kingdom British Armed Forces
Student Officer OF(D) OF-1 OF-2 OF-3 OF-4 OF-5 OF-6 OF-7 OF-8 OF-9 OF-10
Royal Navy: Mid SLt Lt Lt Cdr Cdr Capt Cdre RAdm VAdm Adm Adm of the Fleet
Royal Marines: 2Lt Lt Capt Maj Lt Col Col Brig Maj Gen Lt Gen Gen
Army: OCdt 2Lt Lt Capt Maj Lt Col Col Brig Maj Gen Lt Gen Gen FM
Royal Air Force: OC APO / Plt Off Fg Off Flt Lt Sqn Ldr Wg Cdr Gp Capt Air Cdre AVM Air Mshl Air Chf Mshl MRAF

Insignia of a United States Air Force First Lieutenant.

In the United States Army, Air Force and Marine Corps, First Lieutenant (O-2) is the second-lowest ranking commissioned officer. It is one grade above the rank of Second Lieutenant (O-1), one grade below a Captain (O-3) and promoted after 18 (Army) to 24 (Air Force, Marine Corps) months of commissioned service. It is a common perception that a First Lieutenant may have increased duties and responsibilities. In reality, the difference between the two ranks of Lieutenant is minimal, the primary difference being experience. It is not uncommon to see officers moved to positions requiring more experience sometime after promotion to First Lieutenant. For example, in the Army these positions can include leading a specialty platoon, or assignment as the Executive Officer for a company-sized unit (65-150 Soldiers). In the Air Force a First Lieutenant may be an element leader, although in the operations group a first lieutenant is generally a pilot fresh out of undergraduate pilot training and generally has few supervisory responsibilities.

In the United States Navy, First Lieutenant is a position title and is held by the officer in command of the Deck department. On smaller ships, a First Lieutenant holds the rank of Lieutenant Junior Grade or Ensign. On larger vessels, the position is held by a Lieutenant or, in the case of extremely large warships such as aircraft carriers, a Lieutenant Commander or even full Commander. However, on US submarines, where the deck department may only have a few junior sailors, the First Lieutenant may be a senior enlisted member, such as a first class petty officer or chief petty officer.

Flag of the United States
U.S. commissioned officer ranks
  Student
Officer		 O-1 O-2 O-3 O-4 O-5 O-6 O-7 O-8 O-9 O-10 Special
(wartime only)		 Special
(post war honor only)
Army: CDT/OC 2LT 1LT CPT MAJ LTC COL BG MG LTG GEN GA General of
the Armies
Marine Corps: Midn 2ndLt 1stLt Capt Maj LtCol Col BGen MajGen LtGen Gen (no equivalent) (no equivalent)
Navy: MIDN/OC ENS LTJG LT LCDR CDR CAPT RDML RADM VADM ADM FADM Admiral of
the Navy
Air Force: Cadet (CDT)/OT 2nd Lt 1st Lt Capt Maj Lt Col Col Brig Gen Maj Gen Lt Gen Gen Gen of the
Air Force		 (no equivalent)
Coast Guard: CDT ENS LTJG LT LCDR CDR CAPT RDML RADM VADM ADM (no equivalent) (no equivalent)
PHSCC: (no equivalent) ENS LTJG LT LCDR CDR CAPT RDML RADM VADM ADM (no equivalent) (no equivalent)
NOAA Corps: (no equivalent) ENS LTJG LT LCDR CDR CAPT RDML RADM VADM (no equivalent) (no equivalent) (no equivalent)

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