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First Philippine Republic
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The First Philippine Republic, officially República Filipina (English: Philippine Republic) was the shortlived government of the Philippines formally established with the proclamation of the Malolos Constitution on January 23, 1899 in Malolos, Bulacan until the capture and surrender of Emilio Aguinaldo to the American forces on March 23, 1901 in Palanan, Isabela, which effectively dissolved the First Republic.
The establishment of the Philippine Republic was the culmination of the Philippine Revolution against Spanish rule. Independence was declared on June 12, 1898 and the dictatorial government then in place was replaced by a revolutionary government headed by Emilio Aguinaldo as president on June 23, 1898. The U.S. abolished the Philippine Republic in 1899 and continued its occupation of the islands until 1946, when formal independence was granted.
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The republic was formed after the events of the Philippine Declaration of Independence. It adopted the Constitución Política de la República Filipina, drawn up by the Philippine Constitutional Convention in the Barasoain Church in Malolos in 1899 to replace the dictatorial government set up by the Pact of Biak-na-Bato in 1897. It was approved by Aguinaldo and ten delegates to the Assembly of Representatives on January 21, 1899. The convention earlier elected Aguinaldo president on January 1, 1899, leading to his inauguration on January 23 on the same year.
Tensions remained during the Philippine-American War. Aguinaldo and his men fled to Northern Luzón, trying to resist the American forces. On April 1, 1901, Aguinaldo announced allegiance to the United States, formally ending the First Republic and recognizing the sovereignty of the United States over the Philippines.
| OFFICE | NAME | |
| President | Emilio Aguinaldo | |
| Prime Minister | Apolinario Mabini | |
| Pedro Paterno | ||
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | Apolinario Mabini | |
| Felipe Buencamino | ||
| Minister of Finance and War | Gen. Mariano Trías | |
| Minister of Interior | Teodoro Sandico | |
| Severino de las Alas | ||
| Minister of War | Baldomero Aguinaldo | |
| Minister of Welfare | Gracio Gonzaga | |
| Minister of Agriculture, Industry and Commerce | León María Guerrero | |
| Minister of Finance | Hugo Ilagan | |
| Minister of Public Instruction | Águedo Velarde | |
| Minister of Public Works and Communications | Máximo Paterno | |
