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Bulgaria

This article is part of the series: Politics and government of Bulgaria

President Georgi Parvanov (BSP) Prime Minister Sergey Stanishev (BSP) Council of Ministers National Assembly Georgi Pirinski (BSP) Political parties Elections Provinces Human rights Foreign relations European Union Meglena Kuneva (NDSV)

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Bulgaria has generally good relations with its neighbors and has proved to be a constructive force in the region under socialist and democratic governments alike. Promoting regional stability, Bulgaria hosted a Southeast European Foreign Ministers meeting in July 1996, and an OSCE conference on Black Sea cooperation in November 1995. Bulgaria also participated in the 1996 South Balkan Defense Ministerial in Albania and is active in the Southeast European Cooperative Initiative.

Signature of the Treaty of Accession to the EU. Back, left to right: Solomon Passy, Minister of Foreign Affairs, and Meglena Kuneva, Minister for European Affairs; front: Georgi Parvanov, President of Bulgaria, and Simeon Saxe-Coburg, Prime Minister of Bulgaria

With their close historical, cultural, and economic ties, Bulgaria seeks a mutually beneficial relationship with Russia, on which it is largely dependent for energy supplies. Sporadic negotiations are underway among Greece, Bulgaria, and Russia for construction of the Burgas-Alexandroupoli pipeline to transport Caspian Sea oil from the Black Sea port of Burgas to Alexandroupoli on the northern Aegean coast.

Bulgaria's EU Association Agreement came into effect in 1994, and Bulgaria formally applied for full EU membership in December 1995. During the 1999 EU summit in Helsinki, the country was invited to start membership talks with the Union. On January 1, 2007 Bulgaria officially became a member of the European Union. In 1996, Bulgaria acceded to the Wassenaar Arrangement controlling exports of weapons and sensitive technology to countries of concern and also was admitted to the World Trade Organization. Bulgaria is a member of the Zangger Committee and the Nuclear Suppliers Group. After a period of equivocation under a socialist government, in March 1997 a UDF-led caretaker cabinet applied for full NATO membership, which became a reality in April 2004. Talks are underway with the United States for possible military bases and training camps of the U.S. Army in Bulgaria,^{[citation needed]} as part of the Pentagon's restructuring plan.

Bulgaria joined NATO's Partnership for Peace in 1994 and applied for NATO membership in 1997. During the November 2002 Prague Summit Bulgaria was one of seven former socialist countries invited to join the Alliance. Bulgaria became a member of NATO in April 2004. The country is also working toward NATO compatibility in communications and training, and has established a Peacekeeping Training Center.

In 2003, Bulgaria was elected as a non-permanent member of the UN Security Council, proving to be one of 3 closest U.S. allies during the Iraqi Crisis, together with the UK and Spain. Bulgaria also presides the OSCE in 2004.

Major European transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and, to a lesser degree, South American cocaine for the European market; limited producer of precursor chemicals.

In the late 1990s a Libyan children's hospital was the site of an outbreak of HIV infection that spread to over 400 patients. Libya blamed the outbreak on Bulgarian nurses and a Palestinian doctor, who were arrested and eventually sentenced to death. The international view is that Libya has used the medics as scapegoats for poor hygiene conditions, and Bulgaria and other countries including the European Union and the United States have repeatedly called on Tripoli to release them. As of 2005, the case remains unresolved, and is the source of increasing tensions with Bulgaria, as well as an obstacle to Libya continuing the process of improving relations with the West.

• Bulgarian diplomatic missions
• List of joint US-Bulgarian military bases

• Bulgarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs