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The Fourth Northern Division of the Irish Republican Army operated in an area covering parts of counties Louth, Armagh, Monaghan, and Down. Frank Aiken was commander and Padraig Quinn was the quartermaster general. John McCoy was Adjutant General for the division; after he was shot and captured by British Crown forces in 1921 Sean F. Quinn, Padraig's brother, took over the position.

At the outbreak of the Civil War, the Fourth Northern Division was neutral and in control of the Dundalk military barracks after the British army vacated on April 13, 1922. Aiken was in Dublin with Richard Mulcahy (Chief of Staff of the IRA until the split), arguing against the Free State taking military action against a large anti-treaty Irregular IRA force which had taken over the Four Courts. Mulcahy ordered Aiken back to Dundalk.

On July 4 Frank Aiken wrote to Mulcahy stating the Fourth Northern Division would stay neutral, called for an end to the fighting and for the removal of the Oath of Allegiance from the Treaty because “you have the simple national abhorrence of swearing allegiance to a foreign king and allowing part of the Nation to be ruled by people who have a sworn loyalty to that king.”^[1]

On July 15 Aiken again met in Dublin with Richard Mulcahy, arguing for peace. The following day Mulcahy's men came as friends to Dundalk and captured Aiken's barracks through a breach of faith, and Aiken and his officers and men were imprisoned in Dundalk jail. On July 27, Padraig Quinn (who during the War of Independence also commanded a unit that operated against the British in Dublin city centre^{[citation needed]}) led a small unit that attacked Dundalk, breached the prison wall with dynamite, and in fifteen minutes captured the garrison of 300 men and arms for 400. There no casualties during the jail break. A number of escaping divisional members were recaptured by Free State soldiers, most notable is John McCoy, Mullabawn, who was a brigadier in the barracks here before the National troops took command.

On April 23, 1923, Frank Aiken was elected chief-of-Staff of the IRA and an Army Council composed of him, Pilkington and Tom Barry was appointed. Sean F. Quinn succeeded him as officer commanding of the Fourth Northern Division. On April 27, Aiken issued a ‘Suspension of Offensives’, a command that all offensive operations should be suspended from noon on 30 April. This marked the end of the civil war.

1. ^ The Civil War in Ireland, Eoin Neeson, 1st edition, 1966, Mercier Press, page 213

The Singing Flame, Ernie O'Malley, 1978, Anvil Books LTD (ISBN 0-947962-32-8)
Irish Republic, Dorothy MacArdle, 1965, Farrar Straus & Giroux (ISBN 0-374-17728-7)
Dundalk Democrat, July 29, 1922 "DUNDALK SENSATIONS: JAIL BOMBED AND PRISONERS RELEASED" © Brendan Hall 2002 - 2006