Galatasaray S.K.
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| It has been suggested that Cimbom be merged into this article or section. (Discuss) |
| Galatasaray | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Full name | Galatasaray Spor Kulübü | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Nickname(s) | Aslanlar (The Lions), Cimbom,[1] Avrupa Fatihi (Conqueror of Europe) |
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| Founded | October 20, 1905 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ground | Ali Sami Yen Stadium,[2] Istanbul, Turkey (Capacity 23,785) |
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| Manager | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| League | Turkcell Süper Lig | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2006–07 | Süper Lig, 3rd | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Active departments of Galatasaray | ||
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Football |
Basketball |
Volleyball |
| Athletics | Water Polo | Swimming |
| Rowing | Sailing | Judo |
Galatasaray Spor Kulübü (also referred to as Galatasaray SK, or simply Galatasaray) is a Turkish sports club based in Istanbul, which is famous for its football section. Galatasaray S.K. was founded in 1905, by Ali Sami Yen and his fellows from the prestigious Galatasaray High School. Galatasaray is the most successful club in the history of Turkish football, having won more trophies than any other Turkish club.[3]
Galatasaray holds the best international record by a Turkish team as well. They became the first Turkish club to capture a major European title, beating Arsenal of England in UEFA Cup final during the 1999–2000 season. They lifted another prestige trophy when they beat Los Galácticos, the Champions League winner Real Madrid, in the Super Cup same year.[4] Galatasaray topped the world club ranking to be named "Best Football Club in the World" in January 2001.[5]
The club also operates amateur sport teams that compete at Athletics, Basketball, Wheelchair basketball, Volleyball, Water polo, Swimming, Rowing, Sailing and Judo. These include Galatasaray Café Crown and Galatasaray S.K. Voleybol. There are other now-defunct branches that used to represent the club with success, including the inspirational season in 1987, when Galatasaray won titles in 15 different sports.[6]
Contents |
- For more details on this topic, see History of Galatasaray S.K.
Galatasaray was founded in the autumn of 1905, by Galatasaray Lisesi students as a football club. Galatasaray's first president was Ali Sami Yen. Their first match was against Kadıköy Faure School and they won this match 2–0.[7] There were discussions about the clubs name, in which some suggested Gloria (victory) and others Audace (courage), but it was decided that its name would be Galatasaray.[8]
According to researcher Cem Atabeyoğlu, Galatasaray took its name from one of its first matches. In that match, Galatasaray won 2–0 over Rûm club and the spectators called them "Galata Sarayı efendileri" (in English: Gentlemen of Galata Palace), and, after this event, they adopted that name and started to call their club "Galata Sarayı". In 1905, during the era of the Ottoman Empire, there were no laws for associations so the club could not be registered officially, but, after the 1912 Law of Association, the club registered legally.[9]
| “ | Our aim is to play together like Englishmen, to have a color and a name and to beat the non - Turkish teams. | ” |
This was how the first Turkish football club was founded. Among with the founder Ali Sami Yen, the co-founders were the ones who were keen to do this sport, such as Asim Tevfik Sonumut, Reşat Şirvani, Cevdet Kalpakçıoğlu, Abidin Daver and Kamil.
At first, the colors of the Galatasaray Sports Club were red and white. These are the colors in Turkish flag. However, Turkish Republic was not founded at that time. Therefore, this inspiration caused repressive administration of the day feel uncomfortable and the administration hounded the footballers. For this reason, the colors were changed.
New colors were chosen as red and yellow. Ali Sami Yen stated, "We were imagining brightness of yellow - red fire over our team and thinking that it would carry us from one victory to another."[9] It eventually did.
Since there were not any Turkish teams, Galatasaray joined the Istanbul League that was consisting of English and Greek teams in the season of 1905–1906. With their first championship title they won in 1907–1908, they heralded the beginning of Turkish football history.[10]
While the football in Turkey began to fully develop, Galatasaray won ten more Istanbul League titles, six Sunday League titles and three Friday League titles until 1952. Upon recognition of professional football in 1952, the first professional but nonnational league of Turkey, Istanbul Professional League played between 1952 and 1959. Galatasaray won three of these seven titles.
Türkiye Profesyonel 1. Ligi (today it is organized with the name Turkcell Super League) formed in 1959. This is the top-flight professional league in Turkish nationwide football, and the most popular sporting competition in the country. Galatasaray joined all seasons and won 16 league titles since then.[11]
The Turkish Football Federation starts to organize "Turkish Cup" (today it is organized with the name Fortis Turkey Cup) in the 1962–63 season for Turkish clubs to qualify for the UEFA competitions. This is the only national cup competition in Turkey. Galatasaray joined all seasons and won 14 trophies since then.[12]
Probably the greatest record that club holds is winning national championships in 15 different sport branches in 1986–87 season.[6]
Galatasaray's most successful era came in late 1990s, when the club won the UEFA Cup and European Super Cup and becoming the first Turkish football club ever to win an European trophy. They were aided in this by one of Turkey's best generation of home grown footballers who went on to finish third in the 2002 FIFA World Cup and played quarter finals of UEFA Euro 2000. Besides the talented players, visiting teams also disliked traveling into Ali Sami Yen Stadium which is literally called "Hell" by the supporters of Galatasaray due to the intimidating atmosphere provided by the fans including chants and riots in the crowds.[13]
Galatasaray is the only team to have won the Turkish League title, the Turkish Cup, the UEFA Cup and the UEFA Super Cup in the same season. Galatasaray holds the record of winning four consecutive Turkish league titles, which all of these came under the coaching of Fatih Terim and the visionary club president Faruk Süren.
There are many successful footballers played for Galatasaray and made their mark on Turkish football history. Few examples may be 1930s national hero Eşfak Aykaç,[14] Boduri who tragically died in age of 21,[15] Mehmet Leblebi who scored a domestic record of 14 goals in single match,[16] Gündüz Kılıç nicknamed Baba (father) who was the coach but also the player of his team in 1950s with great success on both,[17] Bülent-Reha Eken brothers, Suat Mamat who made a hat-trick in 1954 World Cup,[18] Coşkun Özarı a life devoted to Galatasaray,[19] Turgay Şeren the heroic goalkeeper that called "the Panther of Berlin",[20] Fatih Terim the team captain of Galatasaray and Turkish National Football team for years and the current coach,[21] Metin Oktay the legendary six time top scorer of Turkish league,[22] Zoran Simović another skilled goalkeeper known for his penalty saves,[23] Cüneyt Tanman who played a record of 342 games for Galatasaray,[24] Tanju Çolak an extraordinary goalscorer and European Golden Boot 1988 winner with Galatasaray,[25] Cevad Prekazi an Albanian teammate of Tanju specializing in free kicks,[26] Taffarel the world cup winner goalkeeper of Brazil,[27] Gheorghe Hagi Romanian football hero that still described as the best foreign player ever to play in Turkey,[28] and last but not least, Hakan Şükür, the player who scored most goals in the first division of Turkish football history (242 goals) and still scoring.
| Season | Achievement | Manager | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| European Super Cup
Winners: 1 ----- Appearances: 1 |
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| 2000 | Champion | won after defeating |
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| Champions League
Winners: 0 ----- Appearances: 19 |
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| 1962–63 | Quarter Final | eliminated by |
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| 1969–70 | Quarter Final | eliminated by |
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| 1988–89 | Semi Final | eliminated by |
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| 1993–94 | Quarter Final | defeated |
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| 2000–01 | Quarter Final | eliminated by |
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| 2001–02 | Second Group | eliminated in a group with |
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| UEFA Cup
Winners: 1 ----- Appearances: 10 |
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| 2000 | Champion | final was won after defeating |
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| Cup Winners Cup
Winners: 0 ----- Appearances: 8 |
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| 1991–92 | Quarter Final | eliminated by |
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The UEFA Cup 2000 season was won by Galatasaray of Turkey, who defeated Arsenal F.C. of England in the final. It is the first time a Turkish side has won an European club football trophy, prompting wild celebrations on the streets of Istanbul.
Galatasaray entered the competition through the back door - as one of the third-placed teams in the first group stage of the UEFA Champions League. Even then they had to beat AC Milan in their last game to qualify. But win they did, and that victory was the start of a run which took the Cimbom from the UEFA Cup Third Round, past Bologna FC, BV Borussia Dortmund, RCD Mallorca and Leeds United AFC, to the final at the Parken Stadium.[29]
The game was scoreless through the first ninety minutes and stayed that way through thirty minutes of extra time. In the ensuing penalty shoot-out, Patrick Vieira and Davor Šuker missed for Arsenal F.C. Galatasaray's Ergun Penbe, Hakan Şükür, Umit Davala all gave David Seaman no chance with their spot-kicks before Gheorghe Popescu, scored the winning kick to win the cup.
Galatasaray had won an impressive treble that season, after claiming Turkish league title, as well as the Turkish Cup.
- Turkish Super League Championships:
- Winners (16): 1961–62, 1962–63, 1967–69, 1970–71, 1971–72, 1972–73, 1986–87, 1987–88, 1992–93, 1993–94, 1996–97, 1997–98, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2001–02, 2005–06
- Turkish Cup:
- Winners (14): 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1973, 1976, 1982, 1985, 1991, 1993, 1996, 1999, 2000, 2005
- Turkish Super Cup / President Cup:
- Winners (10): 1966, 1969, 1972, 1982, 1987, 1988, 1991, 1993, 1996, 1997
- Chancellor Cup:
- Winners (5): 1975, 1979, 1986, 1990, 1995
- TSYD Cup:
- Winners (12): 1963, 1966, 1967, 1970, 1977, 1981, 1987, 1991, 1992, 1997, 1998, 1999
Note that there were no professional leagues nor developed football organizations in Turkey before 1960s. These competitions below are not recognized by Turkish Football Federation.
- Turkish Football Championship:
- Winners (9): 1931–32, 1933–34, 1935–36, 1940–41, 1941–42, 1942–43, 1946–47, 1949–50, 1950–51
- Istanbul Football League:
- Winners (16): 1908–09, 1909–10, 1910–11, 1913–14, 1917–18, 1922–23, 1923–24, 1924–25, 1925–26, 1928–29, 1930–31, 1937–38, 1948–49, 1954–55, 1955–56, 1957–58
- Istanbul Football Cup:
- Winners (2): 1942, 1943
- Istanbul Shield:
- Winners (1): 1933
Galatasaray played its first years in different fields, since there were not any stadiums in Istanbul. In 1921, the first stadium, Taksim Stadium opened.[30] Galatasaray played there until 1940. When historic Taksim Stadium was demolished, Galatasaray decided to build a large, modern stadium. Due to difficulties stemming from World War II, construction was delayed for over two decades. In this period, they played in İnönü Stadium.
On 20 December 1964, Ali Sami Yen Stadium opened.[31] It is named after the founder of the club, Ali Sami Yen. It is in Mecidiyeköy quarter of the Şişli district at the center of the city. In 1964, the stadium had capacity over 35,000. Today, due to improvements in security and prohibition of non-seater spectators, it has an all-seater capacity of 24,990.[32]
After 2002, when Atatürk Olympic Stadium built for Istanbul's Olympic Games bid, Galatasaray started to play European Cup matches there. The attendance record among Turkish stadiums was broken there, in Galatasaray–Olympiacos match played in front of 82,000 spectators. Yet, Ali Sami Yen Stadium has historic importance for Galatasaray fans although it is smaller and older.[33]
- Stadium Anthem
Since 1998, after every goal scored by Galatasaray, the last part of the song I Will Survive by the Hermes House Band played. Although the song is in English, the part used has no lyrics except "la la la la". This makes it easy for fans to participate.
In addition, before every game the Florida State Warchant is played accompanied by what the fans call a "scarf show" where fans display and wave their Galatasaray scarves, banners and flags.[34]
In recent years, numerous proposals have been put forward to demolish the current stadium and build a larger one on the same location, but this is impossible due to the lack of space. Finally, the club's ground, Ali Sami Yen Stadyumu, is going to be replaced with a new ground in Seyrantepe, near Maslak financial district. The multi-purpose sports complex is scheduled to be completed in 2009, with fully retractable roof and a seating capacity for 52,000 spectators. [35]
There had been self-organized fans within different groups, but the unity and coordination come out when ultrAslan founded in 2001. Galatasaray is the most supported team in Turkey, so that made ultrAslan the greatest football supporters' federation just after foundation.[36] The smaller groups unified to form one large group, and they choose the name ultrAslan (ultras merged aslan), which means Ultras Lions. Unlike some other Ultras groups, ultrAslan, are apolitical. Their symbol is a Lion, specially designed for them, and their name is always written with the same font on their banners. Since 2003, fan group obtained the right to sell products carrying the ultrAslan logo, and ultrAslan became a registered trademark.[37]
Internal subdivisions developed within ultrAslan, to organize Galatasaray fans in different cities of Turkey. Besides geographic based divisions, ultrAslan-UNI was launched to organize all Galatasaray fan groups in Turkish universities and ultrAslan-BH is the youth section of the group, mostly made up of college students. ultrAslan-EUROPE,[38] established in 2004, has coordinators in nearly every European country and followed by uA-America,[39] uA-Asia, uA-Africa and uA-Australia.[40]
If having an active hooligan scene is a pre-requisite to joining the EU then Turkey should be a shoe-in.[41] The two other successful clubs of Istanbul, Beşiktaş J.K. and Fenerbahçe S.K. have a long history of rivalry with Cimbom. There is not any religion or class based difference between the fans but every match produces its own drama. The tension and the excitement are building and building weeks before match days. Unfortunately, sometimes this cause extremist fans to create violence and harm themselves, their own clubs, as well as opponents and the Police on match days. Fans also attach high importance to UEFA competitions.[42]
Torches, smoke, drums, flags and giant posters used to create visual grandeur and apply psychological pressure on visiting teams, which fans call welcoming them to hell.[43]
As of 25 November 2007, according to official website.[44]
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- Turkish clubs are limited to seven players without Turkish citizenship with professional contract.
For recent transfers, see List of Turkish football transfers 2007-08.
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For the reserve and PAF squads, see Galatasaray S.K. PAF.
For details on former players, see Category:Galatasaray players.
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Galatasaray Sports Club
Galatasaray Football Management Trade I.C.[45]
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Coaching and Medical Staff[46]
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Galatasaray has the most successful football substructure in Turkey.[48] Gündüz Kılıç Substructure Facilities in Florya is the center of the department. Club has been supporting and serving Turkish Football since the Republican Period has given more than 300 footballers to the National team.
The goal is to raise footballers who are loyal to Galatasaray traditions who can develop creative ideas, have a high Standard of capturing strategical points, fast, technical, powerful, determined, loyal to fair play principles and have respect for the arbitrager, rival and supporters.
Galatasaray Star Team became Champion in Europe recently, and Galatasaray S.K. PAF are the champions of last three years in Turkish Youth League.[49]
- Football Schools
Galatasaray football schools train children between seven and fifteen. This organization is open for the whole year and gives education on technical and strategical areas in football by giving an opportunity to kids to practice what they learn during the lessons.
The organization consists of 10 football schools that are located in Adana, Ankara, Antalya, Denizli, Eskişehir, İzmir, Ordu, Maltepe, Mecidiyeköy and Gaziantep aims to spread its wings through all parts of Turkey. Other football schools which are ready to give training to children will be opened in Konya and Manisa in the following days.[50]
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| Season | Home | Score | Away | League | Stadium |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1987–88 | 2–0 | Champions League Qualifying round | Ali Sami Yen | ||
| 1988–89 | 5–0 | Champions League 2nd Round match | Ali Sami Yen | ||
| 1988–89 | 0–1 | Champions League Quarter Final | Stade Louis II | ||
| 1993–94 | 3–3 | Champions League Qualifying round | Old Trafford | ||
| 1994–95 | 2–1 | Champions League group match | Ali Sami Yen | ||
| 1996–97 | 4–2 | Cup Winners Cup 2nd Round match | Ali Sami Yen | ||
| 1997–98 | 2–0 | Champions League group match | Ali Sami Yen | ||
| 1998–99 | 2–1 | Champions League group match | Ali Sami Yen | ||
| 1998–99 | 3–0 | Champions League group match | Ali Sami Yen | ||
| 1999–00 | 1–4 | Champions League group match | Olympic Stadium | ||
| 1999–00 | 3–2 | Champions League group match | Ali Sami Yen | ||
| 1999–00 | 2–1 | UEFA Cup 3rd round match | Ali Sami Yen | ||
| 1999–00 | 0–2 | UEFA Cup 4th round match | Westfalenstadion | ||
| 1999–00 | 1–4 | UEFA Cup Quarter Final | Son Moix | ||
| 1999–00 | 2–0 | UEFA Cup Semi Final | Ali Sami Yen | ||
| 1999–00 | 1–4 | UEFA Cup Final | Parken Stadium | ||
| 1999–00 | 1–2 | UEFA Super Cup Final | Stade Louis II | ||
| 2000–01 | 3–2 | Champions League group match | Ali Sami Yen | ||
| 2000–01 | 1–0 | Champions League group match | Ali Sami Yen | ||
| 2000–01 | 1–0 | Champions League group match | Ali Sami Yen | ||
| 2000–01 | 2–0 | Champions League group match | Ali Sami Yen | ||
| 2000–01 | 3–2 | Champions League Quarter Final | Ali Sami Yen | ||
| 2001–02 | 1–0 | Champions League group match | Ali Sami Yen | ||
| 2001–02 | 2–0 | Champions League group match | Ali Sami Yen | ||
| 2003–04 | 2–0 | Champions League group match | Westfalenstadion | ||
| 2006–07 | 3–2 | Champions League group match | Atatürk Olympic Stadium | ||
| 2007-08 | 5-1 | UEFA Cup 1. round | Ali Sami Yen |
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- ^ "Cimbom in Superleague Formula", Hürriyet, 2007-11-18.
- ^ "Ali Sami Yen Stadium", Tff.org, 2007-11-18.
- ^ In addition to their 16 Football League titles, they have won the most number of Turkish Cups, and the most TSYD Cups. Galatasaray is also the only Turkish club to have lifted a European Championship Cup and, thus, become European Champions.
- ^ "Galatasaray tops Madrid for Super Cup", Associated Press, CNN, 2000-08-25. Retrieved on 2007-11-27.
- ^ IFFHS. The Leader of the Club World Ranking.
- ^ a b Çakır, Ahmet. "Beginnig of end for Canaydin", Zaman Sporvizyon, 2007-05-30. Retrieved on 2007-11-27.
- ^ "First match and foundation", Galatasaray.org, 2007-11-17.
- ^ "How Galatasaray Founded", Galatasaray.org, 2007-11-23.
- ^ a b "History of founding from official site", Galatasaray.org, 2007-11-22.
- ^ "History of Turkish football", Tff.org, 2007-11-21.
- ^ "Türkiye Profesyonel 1. Ligi", Galatasaray.org, 2007-11-21.
- ^ "Information about Turkish Cup", Tff.org, 2007-11-20.
- ^ "News about Galatasaray Match", BBC.co.uk, 2007-10-18.
- ^ "Eşfak Aykaç Profile", Galatasaray Official, 2007-11-24.
- ^ "Boduri Profile", Galatasaray Official, 2007-11-24.
- ^ "Mehmet Leblebi Profile", Galatasaray Official, 2007-11-24.
- ^ "Gündüz Kılıç Profile", Galatasaray Official, 2007-11-24.
- ^ "Suat Mamat Profile", Galatasaray Official, 2007-11-24.
- ^ "Coşkun Özarı Profile", Galatasaray Official, 2007-11-24.
- ^ "Turgay Şeren Profile", Galatasaray Official, 2007-11-24.
- ^ "Fatih Terim Profile", Galatasaray Official, 2007-11-24.
- ^ "Metin Oktay Profile", Galatasaray Official, 2007-11-24.
- ^ "Zoran Simovic Profile", Galatasaray Official, 2007-11-24.
- ^ "Cüneyt Tanman Profile", Galatasaray Official, 2007-11-24.
- ^ "Tanju Çolak Profile", Galatasaray Official, 2007-11-24.
- ^ "Prekazi Profile", Galatasaray Official, 2007-11-24.
- ^ "Taffarel Profile", Galatasaray Official, 2007-11-24.
- ^ "Hagi Profile", Galatasaray Official, 2007-11-24.
- ^ Galatasaray pride of Turkey - UEFA.com
- ^ En Eski Stadı. İstanbul'un Enleri (2007-09-16).
- ^ Ali Sami Yen Stadium. Retrieved on 2007-11-26.
- ^ Ali Sami Yen Stadium Information. The Stadium Guide. Retrieved on 2007-11-26.
- ^ "Zulümpiyat! Stadı", Fotomaç, 2006-10-20. Retrieved on 2007-07-15.
- ^ Galatasaray fans show at Youtube
- ^ "Auction Process Has Started for Seyrantepe Galatasaray Sports Complex", Galatasaray S.K., 2007-06-14.
- ^ "Supporter groups in Turkey", Radikal, 2007-02-24.
- ^ "Ali Sami Yen rely on ultrAslan", SABAH, 2005-01-07.
- ^ Avrupa Genç Galatasaraylılar Derneği e.V.. Retrieved on 2007-11-26.
- ^ ultrAslan New York. Retrieved on 2007-11-26.
- ^ Galatasaray Supporters Australia & New Zealand. Retrieved on 2007-11-26.
- ^ Danny Dyer. Real Football Factories International [TV production]. London, England: Bravo (channel).
- ^ "Turkey to send anti-terror police to Leeds to protect Galatasaray", CBC, 2000-11-11.
- ^ "Galatasaray find new home while 'Hell' rebuilt", ABC Sport, 2003-06-07.
- ^ "Galatasaray Football Team 2007/08", Galatasaray.org, 2007-11-25.
- ^ "Board of Directors", Galatasaray.org, 2007-11-24.
- ^ "Coaching Staff", Galatasaray.org, 2007-11-21.
- ^ "Galatasaray appoint veteran Feldkamp", UEFA.com, 2007-07-05.
- ^ "Best youth team in Turkish football history", Galatasaray.org, 2007-11-21.
- ^ List of Youth League Champions. Turkish Football Federation. Retrieved on 2007-11-26.
- ^ "Galatasaray football substructure schools", Galatasaray.org, 2007-11-21.
- ^ "Galatasaray Corporate - Sponsors", Galatasaray.org, 2007-11-21.
- Birand, M. A., & Polat, M. M. (2006). Passion that continues for 100 years. İstanbul: D Yapım. OCLC 164788939
- Turagay, U., Özgün, G., Gökçin, B., Ahunbay (2006). 17 May: The story of a championship. İstanbul: D Yapım. OCLC 169899400
- Hasol, D. (2004). Dreams/realities in Galatasaray. İstanbul: Yapı Yayın. ISBN 9758599445
- Tuncay, B. (2003). Galatasaray with European Success and Notable Players. Yapı Kredi Kü̈ltü̈r Sanat Yayıncılık. ISBN 9789750804274
- Yamak, O. (2001). Galatasaray: Story of 95 years. Sinerji. OCLC 59287768
- Çakar, A. (1995). 90 questions about history of Galatasaray SK. Cağaloğlu, İstanbul: Demir Ajans Yayınları. OCLC 42434622
- Tekil, S. (1986). History of Galatasaray, 1905–1985. Galatasaray Spor Kulübü. OCLC 25025508
- Tekil, S. (1983). Galatasaray 1905–1982: Memories. Arset Matbaacılık Koll. Şti. OCLC 62614035
- İsfendiyar, F. (1952). History of Galatasaray. İstanbul: [Doğan Kardeş yayınları]. OCLC 27753643
- (Turkish) Official website of Galatasaray SK
- (English) Official website of Galatasaray SK
- (Turkish) Galatasaray Store–Turkey
- (Turkish) Official website of GS EUROPA
- (German) Galatasaray Store–EUROPA
- (Turkish) ultrAslan Supporters Group