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"'Giant Steps'" is a Bebop jazz recording by John Coltrane which is the first track on the album of the same name and is 4 minutes and 49 seconds long. The composition is a milestone for jazz musicians' progress, given the difficulty of improvising its rapid progression of chord changes that progress through several keys (see Coltrane changes). The chord changes follow a cycle of ii-V-I changes shifted by major thirds and tritones.

Coltrane went on to use this approach to other tunes, such as Countdown, based on the Miles Davis tune "Tune Up"; "26 2" based on Charlie Parker's "Confirmation"; and a reharmonization of the jazz standard "Body and Soul." Songs such as "Naima" also show some harmonic influence from "Giant Steps", and the style influenced his more open, modal music in his middle period. A Love Supreme features examples of lines based on "Giant Steps" cycles over modal vamps, to create a Polytonal effect.

The progression continues to stimulate harmonic thinking in contemporary jazz. There are a number of different approaches to soloing on the song. While Coltrane favoured arpeggiation over the changes, other players have used different tricks and patterns to bring out the sound of the changes. The chord progression was later used by Freddie Hubbard as a basis for his composition "Dear John." Covers have been recorded by such artists as Pat Metheny, Buddy Rich, Jaco Pastorius, Mike Stern, Greg Howe, Tommy Flanagan (who played on the original recording), McCoy Tyner, Kenny Werner, Kenny Garrett, and Taylor Eigsti.

John Coltrane was known for coming into the studio with unrehearsed songs - "Giant Steps" was no exception. On the original recording, Tommy Flanagan (piano) played a choppy start-stop solo, which is a reminder of how difficult it can be to play over the root movement by 3rd changes of "Giant Steps." In addition, the original recording of "Countdown" (considered by many prominent jazz musicians to be one of the toughest charts) begins with just Coltrane and Art Taylor (drums) playing. The other musicians Paul Chambers, Tommy Flanagan, couldn't keep up with the changes to the chart, but caught on in the end.

Giant Steps

From Giant Steps (1960)

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• Demsey, David (1996). John Coltrane Plays Giant Steps. Milwaukee: Hal Leonard Publishing Co. ISBN 0-7935-6345-3.

Contains musical analysis and transcriptions of every "Giant Steps" solo recorded by John Coltrane.