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Gilgit
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Gilgit (Urdu: گلگت) is the capital city of the Northern Areas, Pakistan. Its ancient name was Sargin which later on came to be known as Gilit and it is still called Gilit or Sargin-Gilit by local people, it was the Sikh and Dogra conquerors who gave it the name of Gilgit[1]. The area descended into internecine turmoil before being occupied by the Sikhs in 1842. It was ceded to Jammu in 1846. Gilgit's inhabitants drove their new rulers out in an uprising in 1852. The Khushwakhte Dynasty of Yasin and gulapure led the people of Gilgit to drive out the Dogras. After Yasin was conquered by the Katur Dynasty of Chitral the power of the Khushwakhte was crushed. The rule of Jammu was restored in 1860. Gilgit came under British rule in 1889, when it was unified with neighbouring Nagar and Hunza in the Gilgit Agency. When British rule came to an end in 1947, the region was handed over to Kashmir and it has been subsequently claimed by and controlled by Pakistan, however India claims Gilgit as part of the Kashmir dispute.
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Only a part of the basin of the river Gilgit is included within its political boundaries. There is an intervening width of mountainous country, represented chiefly by glaciers and ice-fields, and intersected by narrow sterile valleys, measuring some 100 to 150 m. in width, to the north and north-east, which separates the province of Gilgit from the Chinese frontier beyond the Muztagh and Karakoram.
Gilgit city is one of the two major hubs for all mountaineering expeditions in the Northern Areas of Pakistan. Almost all tourists headed for treks in Karakoram or Himalaya ranges arrive at Gilgit first. Many tourists choose to travel to Gilgit by air since the road travel between Islamabad and Gilgit by Karakoram Highway takes nearly 24 hours, whereas the air travel takes a mere 45-50 minutes.
Gilgit lies about 10 km off the Karakoram Highway. The KKH connects it to Chilas, Dasu, Besham, Mansehra, Abbottabad and Islamabad on the South. In the North it is connected to Karimabad (Hunza) and Sust in the Northern Areas and to the Chinese cities of Tashkurgan, Upal and Kashgar in Xinjiang.
Northern Areas Transport Corporation (NATCO) offers passenger road service between Islamabad, Gilgit, Sost and Tashkurgan, and road service between Kashgar and Gilgit (via Tashkurgan and Sust) starts in summer 2006. However, the border crossing between China and Pakistan at Khunjerab Pass (the highest border of the world) is open only between May 1 and October 15 of every year. During winter, the roads are blocked by snow. Even during the Monsoon season in summer, the roads are often blocked due to landslides. The best time to travel on Karakoram Highway is Spring or early Summer.
Pakistan International Airlines flies brand new ATR42-500 flights twice daily between Gilgit Airport and Islamabad International Airport and the journey offers one of the most scenic areal views (especially from the cockpit) of the world as it passes close to Nanga Parbat and the mountain peaks are higher than the aircraft's cruising altitude. There are two routes that the aircraft takes one is the direct route from the capital Islamabad that takes it over the Margalla hill then over the town of Haripur direct over Kaghan valley from where it heads towards Nanga Parbat and finally abeam the mountain the descent starts into the Indus valley. The other route that it flies is all along the Indus valley which is also scenic but a little longer. The landing into Gilgit airport is pretty amazing and nerve wrecking for the faint hearted, but a must do for the adrenalin junkie provided you are allowed into the cockpit. These flights, however, are subject to the clearance of weather and in winters, flights are often delayed by several days. After a Fokker aircraft crashed near Multan, the Pakistani government banned all Fokker flights in domestic operations.
There are two major hospitals in Gilgit proper. The first is the DHQ or District Head Quarters which is the general hospital for the city. The Aga Khan Health Services Hospital is the other major health system including Emergency, Medicine, Paediatrics and Gynaecology Ops. It was started by Aga Khan in 1981 under the umbrella organization called (AKDN) (Aga Khan Development Network). It is generally considered the best hospital system in the entire Northern Areas.
Link title==Notable people==
- Sardar Rasool Mir - former MNA and Chief of the Mir tribe
- Afzal Ali Shigri - former Inspector General of Police, Sindh
- Shukat Ali Khan - Mir of Nagar, Pakistan
- Mir Tazeem Akhtar - Finance Director, Karakorum International University
- G M Sikander - Principal Secretary to Chief Minister of Punjab
 Danyor Tanel |
 Gilgit Valley |
 Gilgit Valley from Sonikot |
 Broad View Of Gilgit Valley |
- ^ , in the Burushaski language, it is named Geelt. Ghallata is considered its name in ancient Sanskrit literature. It is the headquarters of Gilgit District. Gilgit city is one of the two major hubs on the Northern Areas for all mountaineering expeditions of Karakoram to Himalaya peaks, the other hub being Skardu. Gilgit has an area of 14,680 mi² (38,021 km²). The region is significantly mountainous, lying on the foothills of the Karakoram mountains, and has an average altitude of 1,500 m (5,000 ft). It is drained by the Indus River, which rises in the neighbouring regions of Ladakh and Baltistan. Gilgit was an important city on the Silk Road through which Buddhism was spread from India to the rest of Asia. A large number of Buddhist Sanskrit texts, included the long version of the Heart Sutra have been unearthed in Gilgit. The Dards and Cizinas also appear in many of the old Pauranic lists of peoples with the former finding mention in Ptolemy's accounts of the region. Two famous travellers, Faxian, and Hsuan Tsang are known to have traversed Gilgit as per their accounts. Gilgit was ruled for centuries by the local Trakane Dynasty, which came to an end in about 1810. The area was once a flourishing tract but prosperity was destroyed by the great flood of 1841 in which the river Indus was blocked by a landslip below the Hatu Pir and the valley was turned into a lake[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V12_244.gif Gilgit - Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 12, p. 238]
- "The Gilgit Game" by John Keay (1985) ISBN 0-19-577466-3
- Drew, Frederic. Date unknown. The Northern Barrier of India: a popular account of the Jammoo and Kashmir Territories with Illustrations. Reprint: Light & Life Publishers, Jammu. 1971.
- Jettmar, Karl, 1980. Bolor & Dardistan. National Institute of Folk Heritage, Islamabad.
- Knight, E. F. 1893. Where Three Empires Meet: A Narrative of Recent Travel in: Kashmir, Western Tibet, Gilgit, and the adjoining countries. Longmans, Green, and Co., London. Reprint: Ch'eng Wen Publishing Company, Taipei. 1971.
- Leitner, G. W. 1893. Dardistan in 1866, 1886 and 1893: Being An Account of the History, Religions, Customs, Legends, Fables and Songs of Gilgit, Chilas, Kandia (Gabrial) Yasin, Chitral, Hunza, Nagyr and other parts of the Hindukush, as also a supplement to the second edition of The Hunza and Nagyr Handbook. And An Epitome of Part III of the author's “The Languages and Races of Dardistan. First Reprint 1978. Manjusri Publishing House, New Delhi.
- Muhammad, Gulam. 1980. Festivals and Folklore of Gilgit. National Institute of Folk Heritage, Islamabad.
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
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Gilgit (Northern Areas) · Islamabad (Federal Capital) · Karachi (Sindh) · Lahore (Punjab) · Muzaffarabad (Azad Kashmir) · Peshawar (NWFP and FATA) · Quetta (Balochistan) |