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Glottal stop
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Voiceless glottal plosive)
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This article does not cite any references or sources. (July 2007) Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. |
- This article is about the sound. For the letter, see glottal stop (letter).
| IPA – number | 113 |
| IPA – text | ʔ |
| IPA – image |  |
| Entity | ʔ |
| X-SAMPA | ? |
| Kirshenbaum | ? |
| Sound sample | |
The glottal stop or voiceless glottal plosive is a type of consonantal sound, used in many spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ʔ. The glottal stop is the sound made when the vocal cords are pressed together to stop the flow of air and then released; for example, the break separating the syllables of the interjection uh-oh.
Features of the glottal stop:
- Its manner of articulation is plosive or stop, which means it is produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract.
- Its place of articulation is glottal which means it is articulated by the vocal folds.
- Its phonation type is voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords.
- It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth.
- Because it is pronounced in the throat; without a component in the mouth, the central/lateral dichotomy does not apply.
- The airstream mechanism is pulmonic egressive, which means it is articulated by pushing air out of the lungs and through the vocal tract, rather than from the glottis or the mouth.
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abkhaz | аи | [ʔaj] | 'no' | See Abkhaz phonology | |
| Arabic | ألله | [ʔɑlˤlˈɑːh] | 'God, 'Allah' | See Arabic phonology | |
| Bikol | ba-go | [ˈbaːʔgo] | 'new' | Certain dialects have bag-o | |
| Burmese | မ္ရစ္မ္ယား | [mjiʔ mjà] | 'rivers' | ||
| Cebuano | bag-o | [ˈbaːgʔo] | 'new' | ||
| Chamorro | halu'u | [həluʔu] | 'shark' | ||
| Czech | používat | [poʔuʒiːvat] | 'to use' | See Czech phonology | |
| Danish | hånd | [hɞnʔ] | 'hand' | See Danish phonology | |
| Dutch | beamen | [bəʔɑmən] | 'to affirm' | See Dutch phonology | |
| English | cat | [kæʔ(t)] | 'cat' | Dialectal. Allophone of /t/. See glottalization and English phonology | |
| Finnish | linja-auto | [ˈlinjɑʔˈɑuto] | 'bus' | See Finnish phonology | |
| French | les hérissons | [le ʔeʁisɔ̃] | 'the hedgehogs' | See French phonology | |
| German | northern dialects | Beamter | [bəˈʔamtɐ] | 'civil servant' | See German phonology |
| Guaraní | avañe’ẽ | [aʋaɲẽˈʔẽ] | 'Guaraní' | Occurs only between vowels | |
| Hawaiian | ʻeleʻele | [ˈʔɛlɛˈʔɛlɛ] | 'black' | See Hawaiian phonology | |
| Hebrew | אָלֶף־בֵית | [ʔalefbet] | 'alphabet' | See Hebrew phonology | |
| Indonesian | bakso | [ˌbaʔˈso] | 'green' | Allophone of /k/ or /g/ in the syllable coda | |
| Japanese | もっと/motto | [moʔto] | 'more' | See Japanese phonology | |
| Kabardian | Iэ | [ʔɛ] | 'to tell' | ||
| Maltese | qattus | [ˈʔattus] | 'cat' | ||
| Persian | معني | [maʔni] | 'meaning' | See Persian phonology | |
| Pirahã | baíxi | [màíʔì] | 'parent' | ||
| Seri | he | [ʔɛ] | 'I' | ||
| Spanish | Paraguayan | el débil es... | [el deʋil ʔeh] | 'the weak one is...' | See Spanish phonology |
| Tagalog | iihi | [ˌʔiːˈʔiːhɛʔ] | 'will urinate' | ||
| Tahitian | puaʻa | [puaʔa] | 'pig' | ||
| Tongan | tuʻu | [tuʔu] | 'stand' | ||
| Vietnamese | bà | [ʔɓɐ̤ː˧˩] | 'lady' | See Vietnamese phonology | |
| Võro | piniq | [ˈpinʲiʔ] | 'dogs' | ||
| Welayta | [ʔirʈa] | 'wet' | |||
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| This page contains phonetic information in IPA, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help] Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged impossible. |
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