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Gothic fashion is a clothing style worn by members of the Goth subculture. It is stereotyped as a dark, sometimes morbid, eroticized fashion and style of dress. Typical gothic fashion includes black dyed hair, dark eyeliner, dark fingernails, and black clothes. Styles are often borrowed from the Elizabethans and Victorians. The extent to which goths hold to this stereotype varies, though virtually all Goths wear some of these elements.

Many within the subculture would say that "dressing goth does not turn a person into goth".^[1] Goth fashion is often confused with heavy metal fashion, and uninformed outsiders often mistake fans of heavy metal for goth,^[2] particularly those who wear black trenchcoats or wear "corpse paint" (a term associated with the black metal music scene). Such misconceptions are especially rife in regards to the black metal subgenre. As a result, the goth subculture has been blamed for the actions of individuals with no involvement in the goth scene whatsoever (see: Controversy.)

Contents 1 Extension of identity 1.1 Typical aesthetics 1.2 Variation and cross-influences 1.3 Alteration of clothing 2 Goth fashion culture 2.1 Goth fashion shows 3 See also 4 References 5 External links

Fashion is a part of the identity practices of the goth subculture. As such, a person's style (including their clothing, hair, makeup, and accessories) is a major factor in determining whether the person will be perceived as "authentic" by others in the subculture. This is not particular to goth; rather, it is a feature of many subcultures. Styles that are read as "goth" to the mainstream may be read as "outsider" to those participating within the scene, and participants in the subculture may and often do have differing ideas about what constitutes gothic fashion. In his book Goth: Identity, Style and Subculture (Berg Publishers Ltd., Oxford, 2002), Paul Hodkinson talks about goths using their fashion choices to demonstrate commitment to the subculture. In particular, he asserts that more extreme, less easily concealed choices -- such as dyeing one's hair or shaving part of it off -- demonstrate greater commitment.

The core of gothic fashion is individual taste, as gothic culture generally attempts to subvert mainstream conventions of how one must look. Anti-mainstream fashion sentiment is not its prevalent theme, however, nor is this attitude shared by all members of the subculture. While recurrent themes can be identified, many different and highly unique outfits can be witnessed at events like the Wave-Gotik-Treffen in Leipzig and the Whitby Gothic Weekend in North Yorkshire, England, where the color palette ranges across the spectrum from head-to-toe white to all-black. Between those two extremes, anything goes, be it modern, classic, conservative or ragged.

Typical goth dress usually consists of, but is not limited to, black clothing, often combined with dark red, occasionally accessorized with silver and/or pewter, that is often Egyptian Ankhs, Christian crosses, and/or Wiccan symbols.

The stereotypical female gothic outfit, sometimes referred to as the "romantic" look, is limited only by the wearer's imagination, and can include elaborate gowns and corsets, veils, hobble skirts, neck corsets, teased hair, eyeliner, black fingernails, fishnets, and styles borrowed from the Elizabethans and Victorians.

Traditional female goths in general wear some sort of skirt/dress. Also popular are tight-fitting trousers and boots with a slight military look, but moreso connected to Rivetheads.

Traditional male goths mostly wear some sort of black suit (possibly with some dark red, dark blue or silver as contrast), a gothic male is rarely seen without some kind of dress shirt (unless he is wearing nothing on the torso), and legwear often involves tight or rugged-looking pants. As opposed to most other subcultures gothic males almost wear as much makeup as the females.

Unisex As with the unisex nature of makeup, clothing also takes on a more personal, less dichotomized nature in the goth community, which is why male goths may be seen in skirts, dresses, corsets, and other culturally female attire. The nature of the event will to some degree dictate the dress code, but expression of personal style is generally more important, and it's not unusual for club-goers on a given night to appear dressed very formally or elaborately in a way unrelated to the specific event.

The simplicity of the style lends itself to variation, and is often combined with elements of other styles (typically BDSM fashion). Various piercings and/or tattoos are not uncommon (though this is primarily a 1990s addition to gothic fashion), and both males and females may wear elaborate makeup. Hair is often dyed blue-black, and sometimes backcombed to give it a large, ratty appearance. There are a few similarities between goth fashion and the more masculine black metal fashion, which can make it difficult for someone unfamiliar with either fashion to discern the subculture of the individual. Like the punk subculture out of which it grew, early goth fashion had a strong emphasis on the DIY ethic.

Like the punk subculture whose roots it shares, early goth fashion had a strong emphasis on the DIY (Do It Yourself) ethic (this DIY approach is not as common as it was in the 1980s).^{[citation needed]}

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Goth style's rejection of mainstream values, emphasis on freedom of expression, and challenging taboos makes it difficult to define its aesthetic principles. Goth fashion emphasizes transformation of the body, elements of beauty, order, conscious eroticism and 'otherness' that flouts conventions.

While a member of the Goth subculture may or may not embrace nihilism, many are drawn to the fashion or music due to a sense of alienation, which may explain the style's fascination with morbidity or vampire style. Wearing black eyeshadow and shroud-like clothing that refers to the dead or undead, may express grief, despair, mourning or deathwish. However, this is not necessarily an anti-life attitude. Rather, Goth fashion can be a positive transformation from alienation through self-expression via beauty and fashion, and through a sense of belonging to a community that shares the same sense of alienation. Alternately, the choice to embrace this fashion may simply rise from a far less complicated psychology, and reflect an attraction to Eros through Thanatos, an attraction to the 'darker' side of sexuality. The wearer may find the extremity, intensity or 'otherness' of the dark Goth look or preoccupations to be sexy or empowering.

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For women, Goth fashion embraces all body types, unlike mainstream fashion that relies on a hierarchy of beauty superiority based on body and hair type. Goth fashion privileges voluptuousness, sensuality and sexuality through its referral to fashions and even individuals of other eras that also prized these qualities. One famous female role model is Theda Bara, the 1910s 'Vamp' femme fatale known for her dark eyeshadow, curves and smoldering on-screen presence.

Like the Urban Primitive movement, the goth subculture rejects mainstream conventions and encourages reinventing oneself by transformation or physical modification. That one may take total control of one's image is a powerful individual response to a society dominated by Photoshop images that prescribe a rarely attainable ideal of a faked 'natural' beauty. With its obviously dyed hair, pale skin, and differently-defined physical aesthetic, Goth fashion is a calculated "unnatural" response to the unattainable "natural" California Girls golden Barbie (or Ken) image.

Goth fashion can be recognized by its stark black clothing (or hair or makeup), often contrasted with boldly colored clothing, hair and makeup in strong shades of deep reds, purples or blues, in fabrics and styles that evoke romantic eras as well as morbidity, that usually combine style elements that flow and drape as well as restrict or emphasize and sexualize a body part (i.e. corsetry or tight sleeves or trousers). Goth fashion further emphasizes the personal power of an individual, as the calculated juxtapositions of elements of the rugged accessories(i.e. metallic and leather), to that of the vulnerable, fragile and sensual restriction of body parts (i.e. lace, silks, and high heels for either gender). Like other fashions that embrace elaborate fashion choices and rules, goth fashion elicits attention from others, both goth or non-goth.

As the size and sophistication of the goth apparel industry has grown (Batgear Beyond online directory, for instance, lists hundreds of goth shops and labels), in many places goth-specific fashion shows have sprung up. The mainstream fashion world pays little regard to goth fashion, and therefore independent gothic fashion events, or smaller shows that are part of broader fashion events, are necessary for goth designers to show their designs on the catwalk. Edge City, a large goth/alternative fashion show in Sydney, Australia was run as part of the Mercedes Australian Fashion Week in 2001 (2), and the last three Nocturnal Instincts/ Circa Nocturna Melbourne alternative fashion shows have been run as part of the arts programme of L'Oreal Melbourne Fashion Week.

While some fashion shows may only feature 5 or 6 designers, others can be quite large. Edge City (now no longer running) had at its biggest point 21 designers and 96 models(2). Attendance at these events can also be quite large. One of the current big fashion events in Melbourne, Nocturnal Instincts, may get several hundred in attendance. Gothique Fashion in Seattle is one of the longest running shows, and most frequently held, featuring two shows per year since 2003. Additionally, smaller fashion shows are often held in goth night clubs.

• Goth subculture
• Gothic rock
• Gothic Lolita
• Punk fashion
• Punk rock

• Hodkinson, Paul: Goth: Identity, Style and Subculture (Dress, Body, Culture Series) 2002: Berg. ISBN 1-85973-600-9 (hardcover); ISBN 1-85973-605-X (softcover)
• Fuentes Rodríguez, César: Mundo Gótico. (Quarentena Ediciones, 2007, ISBN 8493389161)-In Spanish. Covering Literature, Music, Cinema, BDSM, Fashion and Subculture topics-
• http://www.theage.com.au/news/Fashion/The-dark-side-of-style/2005/03/16/1110913658383.html (1)*
• http://www.spraci.net/news/articles/EdgeCi_63h.shtml

1. ^ Pete Scathe An Early History of Goth Scathe.demon.co.uk
2. ^ Pete Scathe An Early History of Goth Scathe.demon.co.uk

• Listing of Gothic Fashion Sites
• Goth Fashion Cultural Researcher Paul Hodkinson