H.H. Richardson Complex

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H.H. Richardson Complex
(U.S. National Historic Landmark)
South (front) elevation of the Administration Building
South (front) elevation of the Administration Building
Location: Buffalo, New York
Built/Founded: 1870
Architect: Henry Hobson Richardson
Added to NRHP: 1973
Reference #: 73001186

H.H. Richardson Complex is a recently-coined name for the New York State Asylum for the Insane, a large Medina red sandstone and brick hospital that stands on the grounds of the present day Buffalo Psychiatric Center in Buffalo, New York. The official name for the complex (at least technically so) remains as the Buffalo Psychiatric Center (originally Buffalo State Hospital).

The hospital buildings were designed in 1870 in the Kirkbride Plan by architect Henry Hobson Richardson with grounds by landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted. It housed mental patients for a century and has been vacant since the mid-1970's. The central administration building was used for offices until the early-1990s. In 1973, the Asylum was added to the National Register of Historic Places and in 1986, it was designated a National Historic Landmark. The complex, the largest commission of Richardson's career and the advent of his characteristic Romanesque style, has been the subject of a long-term preservation campaign. A successful lawsuit filed by the Preservation Coalition of Erie County forced the State of New York to commit $100 million to its rehabilitation. To date, aside from the addition of a fence surrounding the perimeter of the complex, little progress towards the goal of reuse has occurred.

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