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Harold Rome (1908 - 1993) was an American composer, lyricist, and writer for musical theater.

Born in Hartford, Connecticut, Rome played piano in local dance bands and was already writing music while studying architecture and law at Yale University. After graduation he worked as an architect in New York City, but continued to pursue his musical interests, arranging music for local bands and writing material for revues at Green Mansions, a Jewish summer resort in the Adirondacks. Much of the music Rome was writing at this time was socially conscious and of little interest to Tin Pan Alley.

In 1937, he made his Broadway debut as co-writer, composer, and lyricist of the propagandistic revue Pins and Needles, which originally was commissioned by the International Garment Workers' Union as an entertainment for its members. It was a huge success, running for 1108 performances, and prompted George S. Kaufman and Moss Hart to invite him to collaborate on another topical revue, Sing Out the News, in 1938.

In the early 1940s, Rome wrote songs for several revues and shows, but it was not until after the end of World War II that he had his first major success with Call Me Mister. His first full-fledged musical was Wish You Were Here in 1952. Additional Broadway credits include Fanny (1954), Destry Rides Again (1959), I Can Get It for You Wholesale (1962), in which Barbra Streisand made her Broadway debut, and The Zulu and the Zayda (1965), which dealt with racial and religious intolerance.

In 1970, he wrote a musical adaptation of Gone with the Wind entitled Scarlett for a Tokyo production with a Japanese cast. It later was staged in English with little success in London and Los Angeles.

Rome's music and/or lyrics can be heard in such films as Rear Window, Anchors Aweigh, Thousands Cheer, and Babes on Broadway.

In 1991, Rome was presented with a special Drama Desk Award for his "distinctive contribution to musical theate."

Rome also was a gifted painter and a dedicated art collector. He died of a stroke in New York City at the age of 85.

• Internet Broadway Database listing