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Heinrich Otto Wieland
Heinrich Otto Wieland
Born	June 4, 1877 Pforzheim, Baden, Germany
Died	August 5, 1957 (aged 80) Starnberg, Bavaria, Germany
Residence	Germany
Nationality	German
Field	Chemistry
Institutions	Technical University of Munich 1913-21, University of Freiburg 1921-25, University of Munich 1925-
Alma mater	University of Munich
Academic advisor	Johannes Thiele
Known for	bile acids research
Notable prizes	Nobel Prize for Chemistry (1927)

Heinrich Otto Wieland (June 4, 1877 – August 5, 1957) was a German chemist. He won the 1927 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his research into the bile acids. [1]

In 1901 Wieland received his doctorate at the University of Munich while studying under Johannes Thiele. From 1913 to 1921, he was Professor at the Technical University of Munich. In 1925 he succeeded Richard Willstätter as Chemistry Professor at the University of Munich. [2]

In 1941, Wieland isolated the toxin alpha-amanitin, the principal active agent of one of the world's ,most poisonous mushrooms Amanita phalloides.

Wieland tried successfully to protect people, especially Jewish students, who were "racially burdened" after the Nuremberg Laws. Students who were expelled because they were "racially burdened" could stay in Heinrich Wieland's group as chemists or as "Gäste des Geheimrats" (guests of the privy councillor). After collecting money for Kurt Huber's widow Clara Huber, Hans Conrad Leipelt, a student of Wieland, was sentenced to death.

Heinrich Wieland was a cousin of Helene Boehringer, the wife of Albert Boehringer, who was the founder of Boehringer-Ingelheim. From 1915 to the end of 1920, he was advisor at Boehringer-Ingelheim and during this time he established the first scientific department of the company.

Eva Wieland, Heinrich Wieland's daughter, was married to Feodor Lynen on 14 May 1937.

Since 1964, the Heinrich Wieland Prize has been awarded annually to promote research on chemistry, biochemistry, physiology and clinical medicine of lipids and related substances. The prize is among the most treasured international science awards and has a successful history of over 40 years. To date it has been presented to 58 scientists. The Heinrich Wieland Prize is sponsored by Boehringer Ingelheim and awarded by an independent Board of Trustees.

• P. Karrer (1958). "Heinrich Wieland. 1877-1957". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 4 (2): 340-352. 
• Bernhard Witkop (1993). "Remembering Heinrich Wieland (1877-1957) portrait of an organic chemist and founder of modern biochemistry". Medicinal Research Reviews 12 (3): 195 - 274. doi:10.1002/med.2610120303. 

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