From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The term high performance computing (HPC) refers to the use of (parallel) supercomputers and computer clusters, that is, computing systems comprised of multiple (usually mass-produced) processors linked together in a single system with commercially available interconnects. This is in contrast to mainframe computers, which are generally monolithic in nature. While a high level of technical skill is undeniably needed to assemble and use such systems, they can be created from off-the-shelf components. Because of their flexibility, power, and relatively low cost, HPC systems increasingly dominate the world of supercomputing. Usually, computer systems in or above the teraflop-region are counted as HPC-computers.

The term is most commonly associated with computing used for scientific research. A related term, High-performance technical computing (HPTC), generally refers to the engineering applications of cluster-based computing (such as computational fluid dynamics and the building and testing of virtual prototypes). Recently, HPC has come to be applied to business uses of cluster-based supercomputers, such as data warehouses, line-of-business (LOB) applications and transaction processing.

It should be noted that there is an evolution that is happening with regards to the nomenclature surrounding the "HPC" acronym. The ‘old’ definition of HPC, High Performance Computing, was the natural semantic evolution of the 'supercomputing' market, referring to the expanded and diverse range of platforms, from scalable high-end systems to COTS clusters, blade servers and of course the traditional vector supercomputers used to attack the most complex data- and computational-intensive applications. A key trend that is currently taking root is the shift in focus towards productivity – or more precisely, how systems and technology are applied. This encompasses everything in the HPC ecosystem, from the development environment, to systems and storage, to the use and interoperability of applications, to the total user experience – all combined to address and solve real world problems.

The more current and evolving definition of HPC refers to High Productivity Computing, and reflects the purpose and use model of the myriad of existing and evolving architectures, and the supporting ecosystem of software, middleware, storage, networking and tools behind the next generation of applications.

The most powerful high performance computers can be found on the TOP500 list. The TOP500 list (which consists of the top 500 most powerful computing systems of any kind in the world, including many which are not HPC systems) is updated twice a year, once in June at the ISC European Supercomputing Conference and again at a US Supercomputing Conference in November.

Many ideas for the new wave of grid computing were originally borrowed from HPC.

• Interconnect Driven Server
• High-performance technical computing
• Distributed computing
• Parallel computing
• Quantum computing
• Metacomputing
• Supercomputer
• Open problems in high performance computing

High-performance computing (HPC) is a term that arose after the term "supercomputing." HPC is sometimes used as a synonym for supercomputing; but in other contexts, "supercomputer" is used to refer to a more powerful subset of "high performance computers," and the term "supercomputing" becomes a subset of "high performance computing." The potentially confusing overlap of these usages is apparent.

One addendum to the main article is that "high performance computers" and their kin, "supercomputers," are not always assembled from commodity components. In the case of most major vendors (Cray, IBM, SGI, etc.), it is probably more accurate to say that the machines are typically based on commodity parts but often add custom components to these in order to boost performance.

• Top 500 supercomputers
• HPCwire.com Leading Source for Global News and Information Covering the Ecosystem of High Productivity Computing
• OpenSolarisHPC OpenSolaris in High Performance Computing
• LinuxHPC.org Linux High Performance Computing and Clustering Portal
• WinHPC.org Windows High Performance Computing and Clustering Portal
• Cluster Builder
• Rocks Clusters Open-Source High Performance Linux Clusters
• Infiscale Cluster Portal. Free GPL HPC Solutions
• Dell High Performance Computing Center
• Sun Grid Engine open source batch-queuing system, supported by Sun Microsystems
• Sun HPC Community PortalInformation sharing and collaboration on HPC related topics
• TORQUE Resource Manager
• Project Kusu GPLv2.0 HPC Cluster Toolkit
• Degree Project about best alternatives to implement HPC Cluster
• SuperComputingOnline.com Homepage for the World′s High-Performance Computing, Networking & Storage Professionals