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Isobutane
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Isobutane | |
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| IUPAC name | Isobutane Methylpropane |
| Other names | 2-Methylpropane |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| SMILES | C(C)CC |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C4H10 |
| Molar mass | 58.12 g mol-1 |
| Appearance | colorless gas |
| Density | 2.51 g/l, gas (15 °C, 1 atm);593.4 kg · m-3, liquid |
| Melting point |
-159.6 °C, 114 K, -255 °F |
| Boiling point |
-11.7 °C, 261 K, 11 °F |
| Solubility in water | Insoluble |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | External MSDS |
| MSDS | External MSDS |
| EU classification | Highly flammable (F+) |
| NFPA 704 |
 4
1
0
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| R-phrases | R12 |
| S-phrases | (S2), S9, S16 |
| Flash point | flammable gas |
| Autoignition temperature |
460 °C |
| Explosive limits | 1.8–8.4% |
| Related Compounds | |
| Related alkane | Butane |
| Related compounds | Isopentane Neopentane |
| Supplementary data page | |
| Structure and properties |
n, εr, etc. |
| Thermodynamic data |
Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas |
| Spectral data | UV, IR, NMR, MS |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
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Isobutane, also known as methylpropane or 2-methylpropane, is an alkane, isomeric with butane. Recent concerns with depletion of the ozone layer by freon gases have led to increased use of isobutane as a gas for refrigeration systems, especially in domestic refrigerators and freezers, and as a propellant in aerosol sprays. When used as a refrigerant or a propellant, isobutane is also known as R-600a. It is used as a feedstock in the petrochemical industry, for example in the synthesis of isooctane.[1]
Isobutane is the trivial name retained by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) in its 1993 Recommendations for the Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry.[2]
Methylpropane is the systematic name. The substituent number (2-) is unnecessary because there is no isomer of this molecule with methylpropane as part of its name.
- ^ Patent Watch, July 31, 2006.
- ^ Panico, R.; & Powell, W. H. (Eds.) (1994). A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds 1993. Oxford: Blackwell Science. ISBN 0-632-03488-2. http://www.acdlabs.com/iupac/nomenclature/93/r93_679.htm
- IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry (online version of the "Blue Book")
- Molview from bluerhinos.co.uk See Isobutane in 3D
- Data from Air Liquide
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Colors (E100–199) • Preservatives (E200–299) • Antioxidants & Acidity regulators (E300–399) • Thickeners, stabilisers & emulsifiers (E400–499) • pH regulators & anti-caking agents (E500–599) • Flavour enhancers (E600–699) • Miscellaneous (E900–999) • Additional chemicals (E1100–1599) Waxes (E900–909) • Synthetic glazes (E910–919) • Improving agents (E920–929) • Packaging gases (E930–949) • Sweeteners (E950–969) • Foaming agents (E990–999) Calcium peroxide (E930) • Argon (E938) • Helium (E939) • Dichlorodifluoromethane (E940) • Nitrogen (E941) • Nitrous oxide (E942) • Butane (E943a) • Isobutane (E943b) • Propane (E944) • Oxygen (E948) • Hydrogen (E949) |